VIII. Ethical Theories

Question 1

quote of the week

Answer 1

you can’t do anything about the length of your life, but you can do something about its width and depth

• H.L. Mencken

Question 2

can be gleamed from his seminal work titled: The first systematic study of ethics in western civilization

Answer 2

aristotle’s virtue ethics

Question 3

arisotle’s virtue ethics offers ____ that would guide humans in attaining the good life

Answer 3

principles of conduct

Question 4

plato’ take on ethics is _____ with aristotle’s virtue of ethics

Answer 4

contrasting

Question 5

____ believed that moral evaluations of daily life presuppose a good life which is independent of ___, ____, and ____

Answer 5

• plato
• experience
• personality
• circumstances

Question 6

immanent in our daily activities and can be discovered only through a careful study of them

Answer 6

moral principles

Question 7

what people fundamentally desire that is the ultimate human good:

Answer 7

• happiness
• eudaimonia

Question 8

the concept of ____ considerably vary

Answer 8

happiness

Question 9

closely associated with Immanuel Kant’s model of ethical theory

Answer 9

deontological ethics

Question 10

rightness or wrongness

Answer 10

morality

Question 11

acc to deontology, morality of a human act depends on whether ____, rather than on its consequence

Answer 11

such act fulfills a duty or not

Question 12

deontological ethics is _____-based

Answer 12

duty-based

Question 13

deontology as a word, origin

Answer 13

deon = duty

Question 14

one of the basic ideas in deontological ethics:

Answer 14

• actions are right or wrong in themselves, regardless of their consequences

Question 15

“telling the truth is always right in itself even if doing so might produce some unfavorable results”

Answer 15

kant

Question 16

telling _____ is always wrong for deontological ethics

Answer 16

a lie

Question 17

from the _____ point of view, it is better to tell a lie

Answer 17

consequentialist

Question 18

in deontological ethics, we must consider first ____ and proceed from there before we make moral decisions

Answer 18

which actions are right and wrong

Question 19

if an action is right in itself, then we have the duty or the moral obligation to ____

Answer 19

act on it

Question 20

if an action is wrong in itself, then we are under a moral obligation to _____

Answer 20

act accordingly

Question 21

an ethical doctrine which holds the belief that the morality of a human act depends on its conseqence

Answer 21

consequentialism

Question 22

most famous type of consequentialism

Answer 22

utilitarianism

Question 23

basis of the morality of human act in utilitarianism

Answer 23

the consequent benefits that the act brings to many people concerned

Question 24

for the ____, an act is morally right if it produces greatest happiness to the greatest number of people, and morally wrong if it produces more pain than happiness to the greatest number of people concerned

Answer 24

utilitarian

Question 25

in consequentialism. the morality of a human act is judged based on its consequence, therefore it is a ____ type of ethics

Answer 25

non-prescriptive