Vignettes- Anatomy, Behavioral and Biochem - sidebyside Flashcards
Baby vomits milk when fed and has gastric air bubble. What kind of fistula is present?
blind esophagus with lower segment of esophagus attached to trachea
20-year old dancer with decreased plantar flexion and decreased sensation over the
back of her thigh, calf, and lateral half of foot. What spinal nerve?
Tibial (L4 to S3)
Patient with decreased pain and temp sensation over lateral aspects of both arms.
Lesion?
syringomyelia
Penlight in patient’s right eye produces bilateral pupillary constriction. In left eye, there is paradoxical bilateral pupillary dilation. Defect?
atrophy of left optic nerve
Patient with decreased prick sensation on lateral aspect of leg and foot. A defi cit in what muscular action can also be expected?
dorsiflexion and eversion of foot (common peroneal nerve)
Elderly woman with arthritis and tingling over lateral digits of right hand. Diagnosis?
Carpal tunnel syndrome, median nerve compression.
Woman in car accident cannot turn her head to the left and has right shoulder droop.
What structure is damaged?
Right CN XI (runs through jugular foramen with CN IX and X), innervating sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles)
Man with one wild, flailing arm. Where is lesion?
contralateral subthalamic nucleus (hemiballismus)
Pregnant woman in 3rd trimester has normal blood pressure when standing and sitting. When supine, BP drops to 90/50. Diagnosis?
compression of IVC
Soccer player was kicked in leg and su!ered a damaged medial meniscus. What else is likely to be damaged?
anterior cruciate ligament (remember the “unhappy triad”)
Gymnast dislocates her shoulder anteriorly. What nerve is most likely to have been damaged?
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Patient with cortical lesion does not know that he has a disease. Where is lesion?
Right parietal lobe.
Child presents with cleft lip. Which embryologic process failed?
Fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes.
Patient cannot protrude tongue toward left side and has right sided spastic paralysis. Where is lesion?
left medulla, CN XII
Right parietal lobe.
Ulnar nerve due to broken medial condyle
24-year-old male develops testicular cancer. Metastatic spread occurs by what route?
para-aortic lymph nodes (recal descent of testes during development)
Field hockey player presents to ER after falling on her arm during practice. X-ray shows mid-shaft break of humerus. Which nerve and what artery are most likely damaged?
Radial nerve and deep brachial artery, which run together.