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History 4.5 > Vietnamse War > Flashcards

Vietnamse War Flashcards

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1
Q

What country took control of Vietnam during world war 2

A

Japan

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2
Q

With United States aid, France attempted re-colonization in the postwar period, who won the fight?

A

Vietnam

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3
Q

Who led the Vietnamese to win the battle for Vietnam after world war 2

A

Ho chi Mihn

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4
Q

How were the French defeated

A

The French lost control to Ho Chi Minh’s viet Minh force in 1954 at dien bien Phu

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5
Q

What did president Eisenhower do when France asked for aid when fighting for Vietnam?

A

Declined to aid

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6
Q

What happened at the international conference at Geneva?

A

Vietnam was divided at 17th parallel
Ho Chi Minh’s communist forces controlled the north
Ngo Dinh Diem, a French- educated, Roman Catholic, claimed control of the south

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7
Q

What happened when the time for elections came around in Vietnam?

A

Diem backed out of the elections, leading to military conflict between north and south

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8
Q

What was diems rule of the south like .

A 
Repressive dictatorial rule by Diem
Dimes family holds all power
Wealth is horded by the elite
Buddhist majority persecuted
Torture, lack of political freedom prevail
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9
Q

Why did the United States aid Diem?

A

He was not communist

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10
Q

What did Eisenhower do at the start of the war?

A

sent financial and military aid

675 United States Army advisors sent 1960.

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11
Q

How many advisors did Kennedy send over after he was elected

A

Increase military advisors to 16,000

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12
Q

What country controlled Vietnam before world war 2?

A

France

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13
Q

What happens after Diem and his brother are killed.

A

The military coup d’état takes control

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14
Q

Does Kennedy support the coup d’état

A

Yes

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15
Q

2 weeks after Diem and his brother are assassinated what happens to president Kennedy?

A

Kennedy was assassinated

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16
Q

After Kennedy died what did Johnson do about the Vietnam situation?

A

Sent ground troops

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17
Q

What was Johnson famously quoted saying?

A

I’m not going to be the president who saw southwest Asia go the way china went

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18
Q

Who was Robert S. McNamara

A

Secretary of defense

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19
Q

What was the Tonkin gulf incident?

A

When Vietnam forces destroyed out ships

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20
Q

What was the result of the Tonkin gulf incident?

A

Congress gave Johnson a blank check, or power to so anything

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21
Q

Since who was winning in Vietnam was not measured by land gain, what was it measured by?

A

Body count

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22
Q

The Vietnam war was the first war to be televised, making it the first

A

Living room war

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23
Q

Where did the Vietnamese get their supplies from?

A

Ho chi Mihn trail

24
Q

What was Operation rolling thunder (march 2, 1965)

A

Sustained bombing over north Vietnam

25
Q

1966-68: ongoing bombing of Hanoi nonstop for 3 years, especially targets the what trail?

A

Ho chi Mihn

26
Q

What was the nickname for downed pilots?

A

Prisoners of war

27
Q

Carpet bombing was also called what?

A

Napalm

28
Q

The viet Cong were so hard to find because they were _______

A

Farmers by day; guerrillas at night
Very patient people willing to accept many casualties
The United States grossly underestimated their resolve and their resourcefulness

29
Q

Who said the guerrilla wins if he does not lose, the conventional army loses if it does not win

A

Mao Zedong

30
Q

What did general William Westmoreland say in late 1967

A

We can now see the light at the end of the tunnel

31
Q

What was agent orange, why was it used.

A

Chemical defoliant, used on the forest so we could see guerrilla fighters

32
Q

What was The Tet offensive- January 1968

A

North Vietnamese army and viet Cong attack south simultaneously (67,000 attack 100 cities, bases and the United States embassy in Saigon)
Take every major southern city

33
Q

What happened after the United States regained composure and fought back after the Tet offensive

A

United States and ARNV(south Vietnamese army) beat back the offensive
Viet Cong destroyed
North Vietnamese army debilitated
But, it’s seen as an American defeat by the media

34
Q

What was the impact of the Tet offensive?

A

Domestic United States reaction: disbelief, anger, distrust, of Johnson administration
Johnson’s popularity dropped in 1968 from 48% to 36%

35
Q

What did Johnson qoute after his sudden popularity drop

A

I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your president

36
Q

Why did American morale begin to dip?

A 
Disproportionate representation of poor people and minorities 
Sever racial problems
Major drug problems
Officer in combat 
6 month in rear
6 month enlisted 
Men in combat for 12 months
37
Q

Who were the Charlie company, 1st battalion, 20th infantry

A

Mylai massacre, 1968

200-500 unarmed villagers

38
Q

Who was Lt. William calley

A

Platoon leader

39
Q

What happened at Kentucky state on May 4 1971 during an anti war demonstration?

A

4 students shot dead

11 students wounded

40
Q

Which president came up with the idea of peace with honor .

A

Nixon.

41
Q

Who did peace with honor appeal to in the American public?

A

The silent majority

42
Q

What were Nixon plans for the Vietnam war?

A

Vietnamization
Expansion of the conflict —–> the “Secret War”
Cambodia
Laos

43
Q

What was Vietnamization?

A

Turning the war back over to the Vietnamese

44
Q

What happened during the ceasefire

A

North Vietnam attacks south
Most massive United States bombing commences
1973: ceasefire signed between United States, south Vietnamese, and north Vietnam

45
Q

Why were peace negotiations so hard during the ceasefire conferences?

A

No body got along and it took the two opposing sides 5 months to decide the shape of the table

46
Q

What were the conditions agreed upon at the ceasefire?

A

United States remove all troops
North Vietnam could leave troops already in south Vietnam
North Vietnam claims they won’t overthrow south Vietnamese government

47
Q

When were the last American troops taken from Vietnam?

A

march 29, 1973

48
Q

What happened when north Vietnam invaded south Vietnam in 1975 ?

A

north Vietnamese defeats south Vietnam

Saigon renamed Ho Chi Mihn City

49
Q

How many Vietnamese were killed during the Vietnam war?

A

3,000,000

50
Q

How many Americans were killed during the Vietnam war?

A

58,000

300,000 wounded

51
Q

How much money did the United States spend in the war, and how did this impact Johnson’s plan? (The great society)

A

150 billion

It underfunded his plans making them very weak

52
Q

What was the impact of the war

A

26th amendment: 18 year olds vote
Nixon ended the draft
—> all volunteer army every since
United States morale, self confidence, and trust of government decimated

53
Q

What was the War Powers Act?

A

President must notify congress within 48 hour of deploying military force
President must withdraw forces unless he gains congressional approval within 90days

54
Q

What two problems arose after the war with veterans?

A

The pow issue lingered

The veterans were treated badly

55
Q

Who said “If we have to fight we will fight. You will kill ten our men and we will kill on of yours, and In the end, it will be you who tires of it”

A

Ho Chi Mihn

56
Q

What are lessons for future presidents?

A 
Wars must be of short duration
Wars must yield few American casualties 
Restrict media access to battlefields 
Develop and maintain congressional and public support
Set clear, winnable goals
Set dead line for troop withdrawals

History 4.5 (3 decks)

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