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usa: vietnam > vietnam 3.3 the nature of conflict 1964-68 > Flashcards

vietnam 3.3 the nature of conflict 1964-68 Flashcards

1
Q

what were the us tactics

A

bombings
chemical weapons
search and destroy

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2
Q

whay was operation rolling thunder

A

series of bombing attacks
from feb 1965

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3
Q

what were operation rolling thunders targets

A

military and industial complexes in n. vietnam
towns and cities
ho chi minh trail (laos and cambodia)

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4
Q

in what ways was operation rolling thunder successfull

A
  • damaged north vietnams war effort and supply routes
  • eventually forced north vietnam to the negotiating table in the 1970s
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5
Q

in what ways was operation rolling thunder unsuccessful

A
  • only slowed n. vietnam
  • vietcong supply lines still operated
  • communists still able to launch major assault
  • cost extortionate- $400,000 to kill one vc fighter
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6
Q

what were the chemical weapons used

A

agent orange and napalm

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7
Q

whatwas the name of the operation where the usa dropped herbicides

A

operation ranch hand

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8
Q

how muchof south vietnam was sprayed with herbicides btw 1964-70

A

24%

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9
Q

how did the herbicides fail to gain the vietnamese peoples favour

A
  • up to 50% stronger than those in the us
  • over 3,000 villages sprayed without warning
  • caused health problems for generations
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10
Q

how many tons of napalm were dropped

A

20,000 tons

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11
Q

how was napalm ineffective

A

killed many soldiers and civilians

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12
Q

what warface did the vietcong use

A

guerilla warfare

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13
Q

what tactics were used by the vc

A

ambushes
booby traps
underground tunnels
ho chi minh trail
winning over civilians

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14
Q

how effective were ambushes

A

very
- caused 51% of us casualties
- made airpower ineffective for the us
- undermined morales

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15
Q

name examples of booby traps

A

bouncing betty landmine
punji pits (with sharpened bamboo staves)

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16
Q

what happened on search and destroy patrols

A

american troops sent on helicopter patrols
target villages and destroyed any vc

17
Q

how were search and destroy missions effective

A

some vc fighters were killed

18
Q

how were search and destroy missions ineffective

A
  • raids based on inadequate info
  • civilian lives lost - villages often mistaken
  • us soldiers became very unpopular
19
Q

what is an example of a failed search and destroy mission

A

operarion cedar falls 1967

20
Q

how were booby traps effective

A
  • cheap and easy to make
  • disrupted search and destroys
  • caused 11% of us casualties
  • caused fear and loss of morale for us
21
Q

how long was the underground tunnel network used by vc

A

~240km

22
Q

how wefe the vc underground tunnels effective

A
  • could stay very hidden from us
  • helped vc avoid us airfire
23
Q

how did vc treat civilians

A
  • courteous and respectful
  • helped with farming and education
  • helped win them support
24
Q

evidence for vc using violence and terror

A
  • vc killed peasants who opposed them
  • targeted police, tax collectors, teachers and employees of s. vietnamese government
25
Q

how many vietcong + north vietnamese soldiers died during the war

A

1 million

26
Q

who launched the tet offensive

A

viet cong

27
Q

when did the tet offensive take place

A

jan 1968

28
Q

what was the tet offensive

A
  • during tet new year holiday, 4500 vc fighters attacked over 100 cities in s.vietnam - saigon and hue
29
Q

how did the vc distract the us before the tet offensive

A

atatcked us base at khe sanh to distract soldiers before attacking cities

30
Q

what did the vc capture during the tet offensive

A

us embassy and arvn headquarters

31
Q

how long did the us take to recapture the cities and bases

A

three weeks

32
Q

how many vietcong were killed

A

50,000

33
Q

why was tet a turning point in the war

A
  • humiliating for us
  • propaganda victory for vc as us public were shocked (media images)
  • led to rise in opposition to war
  • media turned against - cronkite
  • johnson didnt stand for reelectionin 68

usa: vietnam (8 decks)

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