Videos: Circulation Flashcards
This structure…
Carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Delivers blood to the liver and then to the ductus venosus
Umbilical vein
Name structure…
Bypasses most of the liver
Connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
Ductus venosus
Name structure
Opening between the right and left atria
Allows blood to bypass the lungs by flowing directly from right atrium to left atrium
Foramen ovale
Name structure..
Connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta
Allows blood to bypass the lungs
Ductus arteriosus
VSD are common with these congenital anomalies…
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Downs
Hollow systolic murmur at left sternal border is signs of…
VSF
Left to right shunting
Medication most commonly used for home treatment of seizures …
Diazepam
Diazepam is most commonly used for home treatment of seizures
Routes for administration…
Best route for seizures…
PO, IM, IV Nasal, rectal
Rectal
Lorazepam a Benzodiazepine is used to treat status epilepticus via which route…
IV / IM
Why is it important to monitor behavior on gabapentin…
Suicide
Don’t take gabapentin with in 2 hrs of antacids.
If missed dose….
Take immediately.
If within 2 hours of next dose, still take original dose, and take the following dose 2 hrs later.
How can Levetiracetam (Keppra) affect behavior…
Anger, depression, dizziness, personality disorder, psychotic
Levetiracetam (Keppra) or Phenytoin pt has a rash, which level of concern….
High
DRESS
Steven Johnson Syndrome
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Which patients may experience an increased in Diastolic pressure with Levetiracetam (Keppra)…
1 month - 4 yrs
Phenytoin is only compatible with this IV fluid…
NS 0.9
Which medication for seizures requires meticulous dental care to avoid gingival hyperplasia…
Phenytoin
Hold tube feedings how long after Phenytoin administration…
1 hr
Phenytoin can cause Purple glove syndrome
Describe…
Hand / forearm distal to IV site swells, turns purple, and necrosis
Fosphenytoin (Cerebryx) converted into Phenytoin
Short term 5 days for status epilepticus/ neurosurgery.
Able to use ____ as a dilute.
D5W
_____ is used to lower ICP
Mannitol
Mannitol is used to decrease ICP & LAST 6 HRS.
Maybe IV pushed
Contraindicated….
Adverse effects…
Renal issues
Pulmonary congestion
Intercranial bleeding
Dehydration
CHF
Adverse effects
Related to sudden drops in fluid levels
Hypotension, NV, HA
Monitor for air leaks: Bubbling in water seal chamber (may be normal early on, continuous bubbling = possible leak).
What is a normal finding in the water seal chamber…
Tidling
Occasional bubbles in water seal normal finding early on. Continuous bubbles may suggest there is a leak in the system.
Tidling is a normal finding in the water seal chamber.
What does lack of tidling mean…
- The tube is obstructed
- The lungs has reexpanded
If chest tube becomes disconnected from system…
If tube becomes disconnected from pt….
System: put in cup of sterlie water
Pt. Put Vaseline gauze (3-sides) over hole
Suction control chamber
Normal finding…
Abnormal…
Normal: Gente continous bubbling
Abnormal:
No bubbling: Blocked / suction OFF
Vigorous bubbling: Suction is too high
Machine like continuous murmur at left sternal border
Risk for infective endocarditis
Ventricular Septal Defect
If a VSD doesn’t close in its own. Which age will the infant get surgery…
Age 2
ASD are usually small & close themselves.
Which age will surgery be performed if it doesn’t close its self…
Age 3
Harsh continuous murmur
Bounding peripheral pulses
Low Diastolic BP
Tachypnea/cardiac
Describes this heart problem….
Medication….
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Indomethacin
Which problem may get Prostaglandins, Diuretics, Digoxin….
TGV
Upper extremities- Bounding pulses, BP higher
Lower extremities: weak/absent pulse, BP lower, risk for CVA
Describes…
Coarctation of the Aorta
