Victory

Question 1

Army uprising 1936

Answer 1

Army uprising: 1936

General Emilio Mola, Francisco Franco (Tenerife, Morocco)

Air support from Nazi Germany. Africa Army brought over from Morocco to Spain.

Military support for Republicans from Soviet Union to hold Madrid.

October: Franco becomes head of Nationalist government and supreme military commander.

Question 2

Army uprising 1937

Answer 2

March: Republicans defeat Nationalists at Guadalajara (Italian army)

April: Nationalists bomb Guernica

Nationalists capture all of Basque region

May Crisis: Republican In-fighting means Caballero replaced by Negrin

Question 3

Geurnica

Answer 3

Bombing of Geurnica by LuftWaffe condor legion

4 hours of continuous bombing and strafing.

Goering attested to it providing an opportunity for the Luftwaffe to gain experience.

Question 4

Geurnica signifcance

Answer 4

Site of the Biscayan assembly (Parliament)

1654 killed

Question 5

1939

Answer 5

Barcelona captured

March 1939 Republicans surrender

Question 6

Franco governing

Answer 6

Centralised governmant presented a united front

Nazi aid bringing military from africa to spain

Strong communication throughout military

Question 7

Republican governing

Answer 7

Non centralised until negrin

Militarlily a mess

refused to arm certain groups

Question 8

economic (nationalist)

Answer 8

business commnity backed nationalist meaning they had money

700 million credit from USA, allowed franco to buy resources

Question 9

economic (Republican)

Answer 9

Anarchist areas set up workers committees and collective farms. But neither of these could supply the Republicans to fight the war.

Collectives harmed the Republican war effort.
Production fell dramatically in Catalonia and there was inflation of 300%

Loss of trade from the NIC. Only USSR was willing to trade with it and only in return for Spanish gold reserves.

Communist central control (under Negrin) when it did emerge arrived too late.

Question 10

Foregin (Nationalist)

Answer 10

Germans airlifted Franco’s army from Morocco to Spain. A vital moment in the conflict.

Condor Legion – 10,000 troops, 800 aircraft and 200 tanks. Germany supplied the Nationalists through Portugal.

Italians – 75,000 troops, 750 planes and 150 tanks.

German planes gave crucial control of the air from 1937. After Guadalajara, Italian troops were taken under Franco’s command.

Question 11

Foregin (Republican)

Answer 11

Help given to the Republicans was much more limited.

USSR did help early on in siege of Madrid. Aircraft and tanks were better at this stage. But no troops were sent to fight. Only 1,000 aircraft 750 tanks and some advisers.

International Brigades. 35,000 volunteers. Impact limited apart from Madrid.

NIC a sham. Germany, Italy and USSR ignored it. Allowed GB and France to stay out of things while Germany and Italy intervened.