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Level 3 Variations In HEALTH MIDTERM > VH3 FINAL > Flashcards

VH3 FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

Location of in the abdomen of the fundus 24 hours Post delivery

A

Midline

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2
Q

Drug most commonly used for bipolar

A

Lithium

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3
Q

These valves in the heart can be detrimentally affected by rheumatic fever

A

Mitral

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4
Q

Enlarged head with pressure changes within the brain due to excessive fluid

A

Hydrocephalus

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5
Q

Spinal cord normal, defect and bony canal, meningese protrude through this defect

A

Meningecele

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6
Q

Increase spinal caricature in the lumbar region

A

lordosis

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7
Q

Higher levels of this in vaginal secretions for both the growth of candida

A

Glycogen

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8
Q

Inherited disease that caused dysfunction of exocrine glands and effects multiple systems especially respiratory

A

Cystic fibrosis

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9
Q

Congenital defect that has four distinctive features

A

Tetralogy of fallot

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10
Q

Deformity in babies which characterize limitation of abduction asymmetrical skin folds shortened femur

A

Hip dysplasia

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11
Q

Culturing this area in the pharynx for rheumatic fever

A

Throat

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12
Q

Protrusion of membranes and cords through opening and spine

A

Meningomyalocele

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13
Q

Hormone that causes morning sickness abbrevi

A

HCG

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14
Q

Separation of abdominal muscles in later stages of pregnancy

A

Diastasis recti

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15
Q

Chadwicks and Goodell’s sign cause changes here

A

Cervix

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16
Q

Defects that occur during fetal development

A

Congenital

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17
Q

Enlarged blood vessels due to slow venous return during pregnancy

A

Vericose

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18
Q

What is cystic fibrosis

A

-serious chronic lung disease in children
-most common fatal genetic disease
-affects children and young adults
-no cure
-is an inherited recessive trait, with both parents carrying a gene for the disease
Defect: an exocrine gland dysfunction
1)increased viscosity (thickness) of mucous gland secretions
2)a loss of electrolytes in sweat b/c of an abnormal chloride movement

Affects:
-respiratory, digestive, reproductive system and skin (sweat glands)

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19
Q

Name three things you can include in a care plan with someone that has cystic fibrosis

A

-Monitor O2 sats every 4 hours
-Order and administer bronchdilators and expectorants
-Encourage/monitor adequate fluid intake

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20
Q

Explain Bipolar

A

1–> must have at least one manic episode;experience highs, mania episode; experiences euphoria, elevated self-esteem, reckless and impulsive behavior and then depression can set in once the high quickly fades

2–>highs are hypomanic, rather than manic;

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21
Q

Common treatments for bipolar

A

Lithium(bipolar II)
Therapy

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22
Q

Complications of treatment for bipolar

A

Most people need to remain on medication for their entire lives

If illness is not severe, meds and therapy can often be enough

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23
Q

Explains schizophrenia

A

-initial symptoms may include delusions and hallucinations; blunted affect
No cure
Medications help

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24
Q

Common treatments for schizophrenia

A

Medications are the most important part of treatment;can eliminate the psychotic symptoms

Therapy helps to learn better coping skills and improve social and occupational skills

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25
Q

Complications of treatment for schizophrenia

A

Due to condition stops taking medication because they feel they don’t need it anymore

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26
Q

Why do we use defense mechanisms

A

To protect ourselves from feelings of inadequacy or psychological threat

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27
Q

State three things learned in class about the uterus with regards to pregnancy

A

1)it’s a small, muscular, pear shaped pelvic organ

2)weighs 60g;

3)capacity of 10mL

4)temporarily becomes an abdominal organ at the end of the first trimester

5)it expands, exerting pressure upward on diaphram;rises about 4cm

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28
Q

State the categories of stressors

A

Physiological
Biological
Psychological

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29
Q

Signs and symptoms of anemia in pregnancy

A

SOB
Palpitations
Rapid pulse

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30
Q

Explain Down syndrome

A

Most common chromosomal abnormalities

9 in 10,000 births

Have mild to severe mental challenges and generally some physical abnormalities

Trisomy 21 syndrome
Mosaicism
Translocation of a chromosome

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31
Q

Explain cleft lip

A

A fissure or opening in the upper lip

Result of the failure of the maxillary and median nasal processes to unite during embryonic development (7-8 wks gestation)

Occurs more often in boys than girls

Affects infants sucking ability and appearance

Surgically repaired (@3months) –>cheiloplasty

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32
Q

Explain cleft palate

A

A fissure in the midline of the roof of the mouth

-Complicates feeding,
-can lead to infections of respiratory tract, and middle ear, and
-speech difficulties later on in life

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33
Q

Signs of cardiac pathology in children

A

Failure to thrive or poor weight gain
Cyanosis, pallor
Clubbing of fingers
Dyspnea
Fatigue during feeding or activity
Irregular pulse rate

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34
Q

Explain anorexia nervosa

A

Distorted body image, sees themselves as overweight despite overwhelming evidence to contrary

Strong familial undercurrent; overcontrolling, where nurturance is lacking

Sexual abuse survivors more prone

90% females

Fear of losing control of weight or getting fat

Tx: focused on improving health

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35
Q

Explain RH incompatibility

A

Occurs if mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive

Exposure to Rh- positive blood causes the person to make antibodies to destroy Rh- positive erythrocytes, and destroy and future Rh-positive erythrocytes that enter the circulation

Won’t usually affect 1st baby but any baby afterwards; sensitized to destroy Rh-positive blood cells

Mom is given RhoD immune globulin at 28 weeks and within 72 hours after birth of an Rh-positive infant or after a miscarriage or abortion

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36
Q

Why is RH incompatibility important to understand

A

Important if mom wants to have any more children in the future, prevents complications and possible miscarriage/abortions

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37
Q

Are supplements important during pregnancy

A

They are essential!
Calcium, folic acid, (prenatal vitamins)

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38
Q

State three complementary Therapies

A

Relaxation therapy
Massage
Acupuncture

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39
Q

The nurse is working in a substance abuse centers. She realizes substance abuse is common. Substance abuse occurs most commonly between what ages?

A

16-25 years of age

40
Q

The nurse is taking care of a client with a serious mental illness and an addiction to drugs. The client’s two conditions are known as what?

A

Substance dependency and
Dual diagnosis

41
Q

The client has been taking an especially potent form of heroin. What is the drug called?

A

Black tar

42
Q

The nurse is caring for a client who regularly uses MDMA, which is commonly known as what

A

Ecstacy

43
Q

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a medication daily because she is a nonpracticing (dry) alcoholic. What is the medication known as?

A

Antabuse

44
Q

Surfactant

A

A mixture of lipoproteins secreted in the alveoli and air passages that reduces the surface tension within the alveoli and contributes to the expansion of the lungs

45
Q

Bupivacaine

A
46
Q

Pitocin

A
47
Q

Misoprostol

A
48
Q

Theophylline

A

A bronchodilator that works directly on Airway muscles not commonly used in treatment of asthma

49
Q

Oxytocin

A

Upton ordered to contract the uterus

50
Q

Cervidil

A
51
Q

Ropivacaine

A
52
Q

Premature labour drugs

A
53
Q

Progesterone

A
54
Q

Terbutalaine

A
55
Q

Nifedipine

A
56
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

Preterm labour related to pre-eclampsia

57
Q

BUBLLEE

A

Breast

58
Q

Episiotomy

A

Surgical enlargement of vaginal opening during birth

59
Q

Braxton Hicks

A

Free labor contractions are irregular painless uterine contractions that begin in the second trimester they give the sensation the abdomen is being hard and tense

60
Q

Colostrum

A

The secretion from the Press before the onset of true lactation has high protein content provides immune properties and cleanses the newborns intestinal tract of mucus and meconium

61
Q

Gravida

A

The number of times a woman has been pregnant

62
Q

Nagele’s rule

A

A method for determining the estimated date of birth after obtaining the first day of the last menstrual period on 7 Days and count forward 9 months

63
Q

Quickening

A

First fetal movements built by the pregnant woman usually occurring between 16 and 18 weeks of gestation for a primigravida

64
Q

Preeclampsia eclampsia

A

An increase in blood pressure that occurs during pregnancy the accompanied by proteinuria protein in the urine

65
Q

GTPAL

A

‘G’ stands for gravida - how many pregnancies the woman has had there is a history of four pregnancies

‘T’ stands for term birth this woman has had one child born at 39 weeks which is considered term

‘P’ stands for preterm born before 37 weeks gestation this woman has had one child born at 34 weeks gestation preterm

‘A’ stands for abortion this woman reports a pregnancy that terminated at 16 weeks gestation

‘L’ stands for living, this woman has two living children

66
Q

LMP

A

Last menstrual period

67
Q

EDB

A

Estimated date of birth

68
Q

Postpartum blues

A

A normal fluctuation of mood occurring within two weeks of birth

69
Q

PPT depression

A
70
Q

Haploid

A

Single set of chromosomes that are not paired in the human this is 23

71
Q

Diploid

A

Some organisms beginning inside of internal and a set of internal chromosomes in human being 46

72
Q

Bipolar symptoms and diagnosis

A

Meet full criteria for both mania snd major depressive episode

73
Q

Bipolar drug

A

Lithium
Fluoxetine

74
Q

Non-pharma tx for bipolar

A

Lifestyle Changes eating healthy foods like Flamingo 3 fatty acids mind and body practices supplements

75
Q

Will cannabis products work for Bipolar

A

Not necessarily can potentially worsen manic symptoms and interact with other bipolar occasions for some can help relieve some symptoms of bipolar disorder

76
Q

S&S of schizophrenia

A

Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech
Grossly disorganized/catatonic behavior
Flat affect/ negative symptoms

77
Q

Drugs for schizophrenia
Why are they risky?
State side effects

A

Antipsychotics
(quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone)

Risky if too sedated; monitor vitals

Dizziness and sedation

78
Q

When is cystic fibrosis diagnosed?

A

2 week old infants; sweat test

79
Q

Cystic fibrosis symptoms & treatment

A

Trouble breathing, wheezing,
trouble growing or gaining weight

Meds-antibiotics, bronchodilators, Anti-inflammatory meds,

80
Q

Cystic fibrosis pharmaceutical treatments.
Are they affordable?
Outcome?

A

Can be expensive; manage symptoms, not curable

Can live longer, 30s, but never goes away

81
Q

When does Hemolytic disease develop?

A

Fetus

82
Q

Pathology of hemolytic disease(4)

A

Caused when Rh negative mother and RH positive father produce an RH positive fetus

fetal and maternal blood doesn’t mix small leaks into mothers circulation sensitizing mother

mother produces antibodies across placental and Destroy fetal blood cells

causing anemia possible heart failure

protective administration of Rh immune globulin (RhoGam)

83
Q

Treatment for hemolytic disease

A

Intrauterine blood transfusion of red blood cells into baby’s circulation

After birth:
blood transfusion
IV
Oxygen, surfactant

84
Q

How can hemolytic disease be prevented in the future?

A

By giving mom antibodies to ‘Rh sensitize’ her

85
Q

How does Down syndrome develop?

What parents are at higher risk?

A

Most common chromosomal abnormalities increases in one in 365 of mothers greater than the age of 35 maternal age greater than 55 years is also a factor

86
Q

Phenotypes of Down Syndrome

A

1) Trisomy 21 syndrome: most common; 95% of patients; three number 21 chromosomes

2) Mosaicism: non-destruction occurs late in development both Normal and abnormal cells are present less severely affected

3) Translocation of a chromosome: a piece of chromosome and pair #21 breaks away and attaches to another chromosome

87
Q

Physical challenges for someone with Down syndrome

A

Typical facial appearance of an infant upward slant of cancel fold of eyes protruding tongue and short thick neck

straight Simeon crease in the palm of the hand

short fifth finger tip does not extend to the distal joint of the adjoined finger

88
Q

Developmental challenges for someone with Down syndrome

A

May have mild to severe mental retardation and some physical abnormalities

89
Q

Community resources for individuals with Down syndrome? Will they be ok?

A

Vancouver island Down Syndrome Society has lots of resources to events, membership

CDSS-Canadian down syndrome society

Yes, they will be ok with community support

90
Q

Rheumatic fever attacks what parts of the body?
And destroy?

A

Collagen disease disorder

distraction of connective tissues causing scarring of mitral valves

91
Q

Population most affected to become infected by rheumatic fever

A

5 to 15 years old

92
Q

Fastest way to diagnose rheumatic fever.
Treatment and prevention

A

Test for C-reactive protein measures the amount of inflammation in the body it’s a protein they measure the levels of that protein in the body

-Reduce the work of the heart
- improve respiratory functioning
- promote good nutritional balance practices
-prevent infections
-reduce parental anxiety
-support growth and development

93
Q

Risks to other people around someone that has rheumatic fever

A

No you cant give it to other people

94
Q

Causes for Anorexia

A

Unknown

Genetic changes
Environmental/socio cultural
Psych factors :
Difficulty handling stress
excessive worrying and feeling scared or don’t feel about the future perfectionism
having feelings of obsession and compulsion

95
Q

How can a nurse care for someone who is anorexic?
What to monitor for?

A

Monitoring adequate nutritional intake
correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalance
Assist patient develop realistic body image
improve self-esteem

Monitor input and output

96
Q

Treatments for anorexia

A

Antidepressants fluoxetine and amitriptyline to reduce symptoms of depression therapy counseling to recognize underlying issues and helping them to cope with a condition well encouraging to successfully deal with emotions collaborate and create a healthy diet pattern or plan

97
Q

Side effects for anorexia

A

Thin appearance
Abnormal blood counts
dizziness or fainting
bluish discoloration of the fingers hair that thins breaks or falls out dehydration
Malnutrition

Level 3 Variations In HEALTH MIDTERM (3 decks)

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