VFR Basics Flashcards
When and how must a VFR aircraft positively identify its location?
Every 30 mins with reference to the ground of water
What is helicopter VMC criteria in Class C and Class G from SFC (700ft AGL) to 10,000ft and above 10,000ft?
SFC to 10,000ft:
- 5k vis, 1,500m horizontal, 1,000ft vertical separation from cloud
Above 10,000ft:
- 8k vis, 1,500m horizontal, 1,000ft vertical separation from cloud
Note: VMC Criteria is the came for class A and E as well
What is the rule for aircraft in Class G giving them special clearance from cloud?
In class G, if an aircraft within 3,000ft AMSL or 1,000ft AGL, class G VMC becomes:
- 5K vis, remain clear of cloud, remain in sight of ground or water
What is class D VMC? (4)
5k vis, 600m horizontal, 1,000ft above, 500ft below cloud
What is the VMC for helicopters in class G airspace when below 700ft with GPS guidance (2)? What are the requirements? (3)
If below 700ft AGL over land or water with navigational guidance VMC becomes:
- 800m vis, Clear of cloud
Requirements
- By day only
- At a speed allowing to pilot to “see and avoid” ground and airborne threats (I.e. not @ Vne)
- If within 10NM of aerodromes with an IF approach, must maintain 500ft vertical separation from any aircraft on an IFR approach
Note: Pilots can pay off E/W cruising levels as well
What are the requirements for military SVFR (6)?
Special VFR must be conducted:
- Clear of cloud
- By day or NVG by night
- Not to delay an IFR flight (TSV/Darwin)
- Vis greater than 800m
- At a speed allowing to pilot to “see and avoid”
- Only within an active military CTR
How does a pilot get SVFR?
Pilots request SVFR from ATC, making sure to distinguish if SVFR is due cloud or visibility.
What level of cloud imposes restriction on VFR flight above cloud (1)? What are the restrictions (6)?
VFR flight above cloud is not restricted/controlled unless cloud is SCT. (More than SCT is not allowed)
Restrictions are:
- VMC maintained
- Position must be identified every 30 mins
- Current forecasts permit descent within VMC
- The descent point allows constant communication with the arrival aerodrome and if required the designated alternate
- If nav by ground stations this must be placed on the flight note
- if nav with GNSS must obtain fixes IAW MOS 14 (not sure what this is, maybe an RNP requirement?)
What is the minimum height which a helicopter must fly at? What are the exceptions to this rule? (2)
Populated areas: Not below 1,000ft above highest obstacle within 300m horizontal radius
Unpopulated areas: Not below 500ft above highest obstacle within 300m horizontal radius
Exceptions:
- Take-off until planned cruising level
- Landing/approach from planned cruising level
- Missed approaches, practice EMERG procedures, circuits etc.
What are the requirements for a helicopter departure?
Pilot can take off from outside the gable markers
The departure flight path cannot enter the gable markers or cross the extended centreline of the runway in use
The turn after take off can be made when safe to do so
If in conflict with circuit traffic remain not above 500ftAGL
What is the standard CTAF broadcast format?
Location: —> Aircraft —> C/S —> Flight Rules: (Only if IFR) —> Position/intentions —> Location
E.g. “Jervis Bay Traffic, Military EC-135, Taipan 32, one three miles south, passing 2,600ft on descent inbound for the circuit at four nine, Jervis Bay Traffic”
You have comms failure and ATC if using light signals, what do the following mean in flight and on land?
- Green
- Flashing green
- Red
- Flashing red
- White (ground only)
Green
F - Cleared to land
G - Cleared for T/O
Flashing Green
F - Return for landing
G - Cleared to taxi
Red
F - Continue circling
G - Stop
Flashing Red
F - Do not land, aerodrome unsafe
G - Taxi clear of the area
White flashing
- Return to starting point on aerodrome
What squawk code should be used during CTAF procedures?
6000 (Military class G)
What is the standard departure technique and how would it be flown from a CTAF?
Standard departure is via the circuit, departing from base/downwind as required
Left hand circuit is the norm, helicopters fly at 500ft AGL
Aircraft should not depart from upwind, if they do turn must happen after 500ftAGL and must be clear of traffic, usually 3 miles upwind threshold
Do navy/army aircraft require an alternate? (NEEDS TO BE CHECKED)
Not when day VFR/night VFR with goggles
Yes if night unaided
