VETT 109 Chapter 1 - Terms Flashcards
Peripheral is defined as
a part distant from its point of origin.
Pericarditis is a term describing inflammation of?
inflammation of the pericardium, the thin two-layered fluid-filled sac that covers the outer surface of the heart.
What are the 11 body systems?
- Cardiovascular
- Skeletal
- Reproductive
- Urinary
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Muscular
- Integumentary
- Endocrine
- Nervous
- Lymphatic
What is the correct term for an animal lying on its side?
Lateral recumbent
What are the levels of organization?
- Cellular
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
If something is proximal, it is what
Closer to the point of attachment or to the trunk.
the prefix entero refers to
small intestine
if a plane is parasagittal, then it has
unequal right and left sides
if something is ipsilateral, it is
between
define health
result of all body systems and life processes working together
define disease
results form the absence of normal body structure and normal functioning
what is a sagittal or median plane?
Vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides.
what is a transverse plane?
divides the body into cranial and caudal parts
what is a dorsal plane?
horizontal plane that divides the body into dorsal (top or back) and ventral (belly) sections
what is an oblique plane?
any plane at an angle
define anatomy
Structure of the body and its parts
define physiology
The function of each part of the body
what are the 4 regions of the body?
- Cephalic - head
- Cervical - neck
- Trunk
- Limps - forelimbs and hind-limbs
define medial
Parts of the body that lie closer to the mid-line
define lateral
Away from the mid-line of the body
if something is cranial, then it is
toward the head
if it is toward the tail, then it is
caudal
if it is rostral, then it is
toward the forehead or nose
define distal
away from the point of attachment or from the trunk
palmar is
the surface below the carpus directed caudally
plantar is the surface located where?
below the tarsus directed caudally
superficial
near the surface
deep
away from the surface
what is a frontal pane?
the section perpendicular to both median and transverse planes, dividing the body into dorsal and ventral portions
what is a longitudinal section?
a cut parallel to a limb’s or organ’s long dimension
what is a cross section?
a cut perpendicular to a limb’s or organ’s long dimension, a cut through the transverse plane of a structure
what is bilateral symmetry?
two-sided symmetry, right and left sides are mirror images
What are the two main body cavities?
dorsal and ventral
What does the dorsal body cavity contain?
contains the cranial cavity and spinal cavity
What does the ventral body cavity contain?
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
What is the serous membrane?
thin, slippery membrane which covers or lines the body cavities
If it is visceral, it does what?
covers organs
If it is parietal, it does what?
lines cavities
The visceral pleura covers what?
a. liver
b. heart
c. lungs
d. kidneys
c. lungs
The parietal pleura lines what?
a. spinal cavity
b. abdominal cavity
c. pelvic cavity
d. thoracic cavity
d. thoracic cavity
The visceral pericardium covers what?
a. heart
b. liver
c. kidneys
d. lungs
a. heart
The parietal pericardium lines what?
a. pelvic
b. abdominal
c. thoracic
d. spinal
c. thoracic
the visceral peritoneum covers what?
b. organs in the abdominal cavity
The parietal peritoneum lines what?
lines the abdominal cavity
Pleuritis is a term describing inflammation of?
inflammation of the tissues that line the lungs and chest cavity
Peritonitis is a term describing inflammation of?
inflammation of the peritoneum (membrane lining the abdominal cavity and surrounding the organs within it)
What are the 4 types of tissue?
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscle
- Nervous
What is homeostasis?
state of balance or equilibrium within the body
Function of the cardiovascular system?
transports needed materials to tissue and removes waste products from tissue
Function of the digestive system?
takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and absorbs them.
Function of the endocrine system?
- To secrete hormones
- Hormones are chemical messengers that coordinate and direct
target cells and organs
Function of the integumentary system?
protection
Function of the lymphatic system?
Defense against infection and disease, fat absorption
The function of the muscular system?
movement
Function of the nervous system?
controls and coordinates functions throughout the body and responds to internal and external stimuli
Function of the reproductive system?
produce offspring
Function of the respiratory system?
supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide
Function of the skeletal system?
Support and protection
Storage of minerals like calcium and phosphorus
Function of the urinary system?
elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products; control of pH
An example of bilateral symmetry would be?
legs, ears, eyes, paired internal organs.
the prefix cardio refers to
heart
the prefixes hemato, hemo, and hema refer to
blood
the prefixes angio, vaso refers to
vessels
the prefix gastro refers to
stomach
the prefix hepato refers to
liver
the prefix colono refers to
large intestine
the prefix chole refers to
gallbladder
the prefix derm refers to
skin
the prefix myo refers to
muscle
the prefixes art and arthr refers to
joint
the prefixes pulmon and pneum refers to
respiratory
the prefix cysto refers to
bladder
the prefixes osteo and oss refers to
bone
the prefix uro refers to
urinary
the prefixes renal and nephr refer to
kidney
the prefix neuro refers to
nervous
true or false: a midsagittal plane has unequal right and left sides
false, a midsagittal plane has equal right and left sides.
if a cat is placed on its right side for an X-ray, what is the name of the position?
right lateral recumbency
if the X-ray beam is located on the dog’s stomach, what position is the dog in?
ventrodorsal view
if the X-ray beam is located on the dog’s back, what position is the dog in?
dorsoventral view
what separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
the diaphragm
The function of nervous tissue
transmits information to control body functions
function of connective tissue
connects, supports, protects
epithelial tissue provides
coverings and linings
