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EENT > Vestibular Disorders > Flashcards

Vestibular Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

BPPV timeframe

A

Seconds

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2
Q

BPPV associated s/s

A

Posturally evoked

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3
Q

Vestibular Migraine timeframe

A

minutes to hours to days

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4
Q

Vestibular Migraine hearing loss

A

Rare

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5
Q

Vestibular Migraine : associated s/s

A

Photophobia
Aura
Headache

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6
Q

Meniere’s : timeframe

A

Minutes to hours

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7
Q

Meniere’s : hearing loss

A

Low frequency
Fluctuating, progressive
Usually unilateral

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8
Q

Meniere’s : associated s/s

A

aural fullness

Tinnitus

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9
Q

Labrynthitis : timeframe

A

Days

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10
Q

Labrynthitis : hearing loss

A

Possible (effusion)

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11
Q

Labrynthitis : associated s/s

A

URI prodrome

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12
Q

Acoustic neuroma : timeframe

A

Days to longer

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13
Q

Acoustic Neuroma : hearing loss

A

Asymmetric

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14
Q

Acoustic Neuroma : associated s/s

A

Headache

Variable disequilibrium

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15
Q

Superior Semi-circular canal Dehiscence Syndrome : timeframe

A

Intermittent - after noise/air pressure changes

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16
Q

Superior Semi-circular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SCCD) : hearing loss

A

Supra-normal hearing

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17
Q

Superior Semi-circular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome (SCCD): associated s/s

A

From head injury

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18
Q

Perilymphatic fistula : timeframe

A

Seconds to minutes

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19
Q

Perilymphatic fistula : hearing loss

A

Possible

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20
Q

BPPV : hearing loss

21
Q

Perilymphatic Fistula : associated s/s

A

Worse w/ Valsalva or ME fluid

22
Q

Vestibular neuronitis : timeframe

A

Sudden, days to weeks

23
Q

Vestibular Neuronitis : associated s/s

A

Slow, sometimes incomplete improvement

24
Q

Proper vestibular history

A 
Onset
Duration
Triggers
Associated complaints
Hearing changes
25
Q

Peripheral vertigo

A 
Inner ear
Sudden onset
Horizontal nystagmus
N/V
Fixation to suppression
26
Q

Central vertigo

A

Slow onset
Vertical nystagmus
No suppression w/ fixation

27
Q

Caloric testing

28
Q

Electrocochleography to dx

A

Fluid pressure of inner ear

Meniere’s , endolymphatic hyrops

29
Q

Auditory brainstem response dx

A

Brainstem function

Acoustic neuroma

30
Q

Vertigo Tx

A 
ANTIHISTIMINE
DOPE - BLOCKER (metoclopramide)
ANTICHOLINERGIC
BENZO
Meclinzine, scopolamine
Steroids
Salt/caffeine restrict
Vestibular rehab
Intratympanic steroid/endolymphatic shunt
31
Q

Vertigo #1 cause

A

BPPV - Peripheral
Head position, one direction
Resolves in seconds
Intact hearing

32
Q

Where do most crystals come from

A

Otoconia from utricle to

Posterior semicircular canal

33
Q

BPPV : Dx

Peripheral

A

Dix hallpike

Nystagmus towards affected side

34
Q

BPPV : Tx

Peripheral

A

Eply maneuver

35
Q

Meniere’s disease : s/s

Peripheral

A

TINNITUS, VERTIGO, HEARING LOSS
Prolonged vertigo
Fluctuating H.L - low freq tilt
Early stage fullness

36
Q

Meniere’s : Tx

Peripheral

A

Salt/caffeine restrict
Benzo (acute)
Diuretics - triamterene, HCTZ
Oral steroid (acute), intratympanic

37
Q

2nd most common vertigo cause

A

Vestibular migraine

Peripheral

38
Q

Migraine correlates w/

39
Q

Migraine / Meniere’s link

A

Vasospasm of internal auditory artery –> ischemia in labyrinth
Hearing loss, ELH

40
Q

Vestibular Neuritis/Labrynthitis: presentation

Peripheral

A 
Sudden violent (continuous) vertigo
N/V
Hours to days
\+/- hearing loss
Usually preceded by viral URI
Nystagmus - away, rotary
41
Q

Vestibular Neuritis / Labrynthitis : Tx

Peripheral

A

STEROIDS
ANTIHISTIMINES (meclizine)
Benzos
Some - vestibular rehab

42
Q

Perilymphatic Fistula : where

Peripheral

A

Windows in middle/inner ear

Perilymph fluid leaks in middle ear

43
Q

Perilymphatic Fistula : s/s

Peripheral

A 
Dizziness
Tinnitus
Hearing loss
HEAD TRAUMA
WORSE W/ ACTIVITY/PRESSURE/ALTITUDE
44
Q

Perilymphatic fistula :
tx

Peripheral

A

Self-heal

Surgery

45
Q

Acoustic Neuroma : present

Central

A

UNILATERAL SENSORINEURAL LOSS

Tinnitus/dizziness

46
Q

Acoustic Neuroma: Dx

Central

A

MRI = Dx

Romberg/Tandem Romberg towards affected side

47
Q

Acoustic Neuroma : Tx

Central

A

Surgery

Stereotactic radiation

48
Q

Other central vertigo causes

A 
Lyme
Demyelinating disease
CVA (basilar, cerebellar)
Psychogenic
CNS infxn/tumor
Drugs
49
Q

Meniere’s

types

A 
Classical
Cochlear (no dizzy)
Vestibular (no hearing loss)
Bilat (inner ear autoimmune)
Subclin Endolympatichydrops
Post trauma *years later

EENT (10 decks)

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