vessels Flashcards
what are the 3 components of the cardiovascular system
blood,blood vessels and heart
what does the blood contain
plasma (water,proteins,glucose,hormones) and blood cells (red,white,platelets)
what is haemoglobin
-protein found in rbc of all vertabrates
-facilitates o2 transport
where and what is haemoglobin made from
-formed in the mitochondria and cytosol of immature rbc
-made from haem group and globin
where is haemoglobin oxygenated and deoxygenated
-oxygenated in the pulmonary capillaries surrounding alveoli
-deoxygenated in the various tissues of the body
what is the difference between oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin and what does that mean/create
Oxy has diff absorption spectra than deoxy which accounts for blueish colour in Cyanosis
and forms the basis of pulse oximeter technology
what are the general functions of blood vessels
Facilitate:
-blood circulation=transports nutrients to body tissues and waste products away, takes hormones from one part of the body to another to maintain homeostasis
-fluid exchange
-the regulation of blood flow and bp
what are the 3 tunics(layers) of both the arteries and veins
-tunica Interna (predominantly ENDOTHELIUM)
-tunica Media (predominantly SMOOTH MUSCLE)
-tunica Externa (predominantly CONNECTIVE TISSUE)
what are the differences between the arteries and veins (8)
ARTERIES- Transport blood away from the heart
-Predominantly carry oxygenated blood
-Relatively narrow lumens
-Blood flow is pulsatile
-Relatively thicker walls
-Relatively more muscle & elastic tissue
-Transports blood under higher pressure
-Do not have valves (except aortic)
VEINS-Transports blood towards the heart
-Predominantly carry deoxygenated blood
-Relatively wide lumens
-Non-pulsatile blood flow
-Relatively thin walls
-Relatively less muscle & elastic tissue
-Transports blood under lower pressure
-Have multiple valves
what is function of arteries
transport blood from heart to the capillary beds to the heart
what is the function of the veins
transport blood from the capillary beds to the heart
function of capillaries
sites of gas/fluid exchange with interstitial tissues
Smallest vessels
Diameter just large enough for a red blood cell
Walls consist of one layer only
Have a vast network
One layer
Tunica intima (layer of endothelium)
Thinness facilitates exchange of materials
whta are the 2 types of arteries
elasstic and muscular
what is elastic aarteries
Thick-walled arteries near the heart
Large lumen
All three tunics contain a lot of elastin
Walls stretch and recoil to propel blood
Withstand & regulate large blood pressure fluctuations
what is muscular arteries
Medium sized vessels
More smooth muscle than elastin in tunica media
Major area of vasoconstriction & dilation to regulate blood flow
