Vessel Development

Question 1

What develops from the first aortic arches?

Answer 1

mostly degenerates but…

maxillary arteries

Question 2

What develops from the 2nd aortic arches?

Answer 2

mostly degenerates but…

stapedial arteries

Question 3

What forms from the 3rd aortic arches?

Answer 3

proximal - common carotid

distal (along with dorsal aortae) - **internal carotid **

Question 4

What forms from the 4th aortic arches?

Answer 4

left (along w/ aortic sac + dorsal aorta) - aortic arch

right proximal (w/ aortic sac) - brachiocephalic trunk

right distal - right subclavian

Question 5

What develops from the 6th aortic arches?

Answer 5

left proximal - left pulmonary artery

left distal - ductus arterious (of Botallo) > ligamentum arteriosum

right proximal - right pulmonary artery

right distal - degenerates

Question 6

What are the 4 segments of the inferior vena cava from superior to inferior?

What does each develop from?

Answer 6

1. **hepatic **- from the right vitelline vein
2. **prerenal **- from the right subcardinal vein
3. **renal **- from the supra-subcardinal anastamosis
4. postrenal - from the right supracardinal vein

Question 7

What is the embryonic source of the left subclavian artery?

Answer 7

7th intersegmental artery

Question 8

What are the nerves which innervate the larynx?

What do they branch off of and why are the two positioned differently?

Answer 8

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves

• branches of the vagus nerves
• left wraps under the left 6th aortic arch > left pulmonary a.
• right wraps under the right 4th aortic arch > right subclavian a. because the distal right 6th aortic arch degenerates

Question 9

What do the vitelline veins form and how?

Answer 9

• liver grows in septum transversum
• vitelline veins break down into sinusoids within liver
• anastamosis between distal left and right vitellines surrounds duodenum
• all of the left vitelline degenerates
• distal right vitelline + duodenal anastamosis forms hepatic portal vein
• proximal right vitelline forms hepatic veins

Question 10

What happens to the umbilical veins and how?

Answer 10

• liver grows into septum transversum
• umbilical veins disconnect from heart and reconnect to liver
• right and proximal left umbilical vein disappear
• distal left umbilical vein between placent and liver is now a single umbilican vein
• ductus venosus shunts blood from umbilical vein through liver to hepatic inferior vena cava
• after birth, ductus > ligamentum venosum and umbilical vein > round ligament of the liver

Question 11

What are 1 through 4?

3 is the whole orange line from heart

Answer 11

1. L and R Internal Carotids (from distal IIIrd arch)
2. L and R Common Carotids (from proximal IIIrd arch)
3. Aortic Arch (from aortic sac, IVth left arch, dorsal aorta)
4. Right Subclavian (from right IVth arch)

Question 12

What are 5 through 8?

Answer 12

5. Brachiocephalic Arterty (from right aortic sac)
6. Ductus Arteriosus of Botallo (from distal left VI arch)
7. L and R Pulmonary Arteries (from proximal VI arches)
8. Left Subclavian Artery (from left 7th intersegmental)