Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage

Question 1

Name this vertebrae

Answer 1

cervical vertebra - 7 in the body

Question 2

Name this vertebrae

Answer 2

thoracic vertebra - 12 in the body

Question 3

Name this vertebrae

Answer 3

lumbar vertebra - 5 in the body

Question 4

The red portion is the _____

Answer 4

body / centrum: think cylindrical part of the vetebra responsible for bearing weight

Question 5

The blue space is the _____

The blue spaces within all the vertebrae line up to form a long continuous cavity called the _____

Answer 5

vertebral foramen: hole formed by the vertebral body and arch.

vertebral canal: spinal cord and cauda equina extend through it

Question 6

The yellow portion is the _____

Answer 6

transverse process: lateral projections of the vertebrae that are sites of ligament and muscle attachments that move the column

Question 7

The green portion is the _____

Answer 7

spinous process: midline, posterior projection of the vertebrae that is a site of ligament and muscle attachments

Question 8

The lateral opening formed by the red and green parts of two consecutive vertebra is a _____

Answer 8

intervertebral foramen: lateral openings through which spinal nerves pass (in stacked view)

Question 9

The blue parts are the superior and inferior _____

Answer 9

articular processes: they are the site where two consecutive vertebrae articulate with each other

Question 10

The red part is called the _____

Answer 10

transverse costal facet: the site where the tubercle of rib articulates with the vertebra

Question 11

The green part is the _____

Answer 11

costal facet: the site where the head of rib articulates with the vertebra

Question 12

The red space are the _____

Answer 12

transverse foramina: contain vertebral arteries that supply blood to the brain

Question 13

Name this vertebrae

Answer 13

the atlas / C1 : lacks a body and a spinous process

Question 14

The two red parts are the sites where this vertebra articulates with the _____

Answer 14

occipital condyles: to allow for lateral skull movement (side-to-side tilt) and anterior-posterior moverment (nodding yes)

Question 15

This cervical vertebra is called the _______

Answer 15

axis / C2

Question 16

This vertebra has a unique structure (in the purple circle) called the ______

Answer 16

dens: articulates with the atlas/C1 to vertebra to allow for rotation of the head

Question 17

This bone, made up of five fused vertebra, is called the ____

Answer 17

sacrum: forms the posterior wall of the pelvis

Question 18

The purple part is called the _____

Answer 18

sacral ala: site of the sacroiliac joint where the secrum attaches to the coxa

Question 19

The green space is the _____

Answer 19

sacral canal: continuation of the vertebral canal containing the cauda equina

Question 20

The red spaces are the _____

Answer 20

sacral foramina: openings through wich spinal nerves exit the sacrum

Question 21

The blue space is the _____

Answer 21

sacral hiatus: inferior opening of the secral canal

Question 22

This bone made up of four fused coccygeal vertebrae called the _____

Answer 22

coccyx / tailbone

Question 23

This bone is called a _____

Answer 23

rib

Question 24

The red part is called the _____

Answer 24

rib head: articular facet by which it attaches to the body of the thoracic vertebrae at the costal facet to allow movement during breathing (finger, posterior)

Question 25

The green part is called the _____

Answer 25

rib tubercle: attaches to the transverse process at the transverse costal facet of the thoracic vertebrae to allow movement during breathing (bump)

Question 26

Parts A, B and C are fused together to form a bone called the _____

Answer 26

sternum: anchor point for the clavicles and most of the ribs

Question 27

Part A of this bone is called the _____

Answer 27

manubrium: clavicles attach to the manubrium (ends at the 2nd rib)

Question 28

Part B of this bone is called the _____

Answer 28

body / gladiolus: middle bone

Question 29

Part C of this bone is called the _____

Answer 29

xiphoid process: site of attachment for the linea alba which is a tissue that anchors the abdominal muscles

Question 30

Ribs 1-7 are _____

Answer 30

true ribs (vertebrosternal ribs): attach directly to the sternum by their costal (hyline) cartilages

Question 31

Ribs 8-12 are _____

Answer 31

false ribs: do not have a direct attachment to the sternum

Ribs 11 and 12 have no anterior attachment (called floating ribs)