Vertebral column

Question 1

The vertebral column is composed of 33 elements, divided into 5 segments. Name the segments.

Answer 1

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal

Question 2

Successive vertebrae articulate via synovial joints.

Vertebrae are separated by what?

Answer 2

intervertebral fibrocartilage discs

Question 3

Name the three primary functions of vertebrae.

Answer 3

Transmit body weight
Attachment site for muscles & ligaments
Protect spinal cord

Question 4

Primary curvatures are congenital meaning?

Answer 4

Present at birth

Question 5

Secondary curvatures are developmental meaning?

Answer 5

Acquired over time

Question 6

Primary curvatures are ___________.

Answer 6

Kyphotic: Thoracic, Sacral

Question 7

Secondary curvatures are __________.

Answer 7

Lordotic: Cervical, Lumbar

Question 8

Which bony features form the neural arch of general vertebrae?

Answer 8

Pedicle: attached to body
Lamina: links spinous process and transverse processes

Question 9

Intervertebral foramen/notch is for..

Answer 9

nerves and blood supply

Question 10

What is annulus fibrosus?

Answer 10

Ligament, holding disc in place

Question 11

Which intervertebral ligament can ossify with age and runs from occipital to sacrum?

Answer 11

Anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 12

Which ligament runs along posterior aspect of vertebral bodies, from axis to sacrum?

Answer 12

Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 13

Which ligament holds spinous processes together; gives spinous processes their topography (i.e. not smooth)?

Answer 13

Interspinal(spinous) ligament

Question 14

Which ligament attaches to distal end of spinous process and contributes to knob-like appearance of the process?

Answer 14

Supraspinal(spinous) ligament

Question 15

Which ligament passes between laminae of adjacent vertebrae (spicules of bone on neural arch indicate its ossification)?

Answer 15

Ligamentum flavum

Question 16

Name the ligaments associated with vertebrae.

Answer 16

Annulus fibrosus
Anterior longitudinal ligament 
Posterior longitudinal ligament  
Inerspinal(spinous) ligament 
Supraspinal(spinous) ligament 
Ligamentum flavum 
Intertransverse ligament
Facet Capsule Ligaments

Question 17

Costo-vertebral joints are between

Answer 17

Between the vertebra and the rib

Question 18

Zygapophyseal joints are between

Answer 18

Between the articular processes of neighbouring vertebrae

Question 19

Amphiarthrodial joints (slight movement) are between

Answer 19

Between vertebral bodies and the intervertebral joints

Question 20

Accessory cervical foramina is a vertebral defect. True or False

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Name abnormal curvatures

Answer 21

Kyphosis
Lordosis
Scoliosis-Hemi-vertebrae

Question 22

Segmentation defects,Spinda Bifida Occulta (atlanta)
Fusion of Vertebrae (Klippel-Feil Syndrome),
Atlanto Occipital fusion and Tennessee Occipital fusion are all vertebral defects. True or False.

Answer 22

False. 
Segmentation defects
Spinda Bifida Occulta (atlanta)
Fusion of Vertebrae (Klippel-Feil Syndrome)
Atlanto Occipital fusion

Question 23

They neural arch encloses which foramen?

Answer 23

vertbral

Question 24

Which region of the spine first develops lordosis in childhood?

Answer 24

Lumbar