Vertebral column Flashcards
The vertebral column is composed of 33 elements, divided into 5 segments. Name the segments.
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal
Successive vertebrae articulate via synovial joints.
Vertebrae are separated by what?
intervertebral fibrocartilage discs
Name the three primary functions of vertebrae.
Transmit body weight
Attachment site for muscles & ligaments
Protect spinal cord
Primary curvatures are congenital meaning?
Present at birth
Secondary curvatures are developmental meaning?
Acquired over time
Primary curvatures are ___________.
Kyphotic: Thoracic, Sacral
Secondary curvatures are __________.
Lordotic: Cervical, Lumbar
Which bony features form the neural arch of general vertebrae?
Pedicle: attached to body
Lamina: links spinous process and transverse processes
Intervertebral foramen/notch is for..
nerves and blood supply
What is annulus fibrosus?
Ligament, holding disc in place
Which intervertebral ligament can ossify with age and runs from occipital to sacrum?
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Which ligament runs along posterior aspect of vertebral bodies, from axis to sacrum?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Which ligament holds spinous processes together; gives spinous processes their topography (i.e. not smooth)?
Interspinal(spinous) ligament
Which ligament attaches to distal end of spinous process and contributes to knob-like appearance of the process?
Supraspinal(spinous) ligament
Which ligament passes between laminae of adjacent vertebrae (spicules of bone on neural arch indicate its ossification)?
Ligamentum flavum
Name the ligaments associated with vertebrae.
Annulus fibrosus Anterior longitudinal ligament Posterior longitudinal ligament Inerspinal(spinous) ligament Supraspinal(spinous) ligament Ligamentum flavum Intertransverse ligament Facet Capsule Ligaments
Costo-vertebral joints are between
Between the vertebra and the rib
Zygapophyseal joints are between
Between the articular processes of neighbouring vertebrae
Amphiarthrodial joints (slight movement) are between
Between vertebral bodies and the intervertebral joints
Accessory cervical foramina is a vertebral defect. True or False
True
Name abnormal curvatures
Kyphosis
Lordosis
Scoliosis-Hemi-vertebrae
Segmentation defects,Spinda Bifida Occulta (atlanta)
Fusion of Vertebrae (Klippel-Feil Syndrome),
Atlanto Occipital fusion and Tennessee Occipital fusion are all vertebral defects. True or False.
False. Segmentation defects Spinda Bifida Occulta (atlanta) Fusion of Vertebrae (Klippel-Feil Syndrome) Atlanto Occipital fusion
They neural arch encloses which foramen?
vertbral
Which region of the spine first develops lordosis in childhood?
Lumbar
