Vertebral Column Flashcards
The hyoid bone AIDS in what
Swallowing and speech
Hyoid bones serves as a movable base for what
Tongue
Anchored by ligaments to styloid process of temporal bone
Hyoid bone
Compared to the infants total body length the skull is
Large
The skull is how much of infant body length and adult body length
1/4-infant
1/8-adult
Fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones
Fontannels
What do fontanels allow the skull to do
Compress during birth and grow during later pregnancy and infancy
How long does fontanels take to convert to bone
24 months
Axial support of the body
Vertebral column or spine
Location of spine
From the skull to the pelvis
What does the spine do for the skull and pelvis
It supports the skull and in the pelvis it transmits weight of the body to lower limbs
Vertebrae are named according to what
Location
How many vertebral bones
26
The vertebral bones are seperated by what
Intervertebral discs
Function of intervertebral discs
Cushion the vertebrae and absorb shocks and allow flexibility
The vertebral discs of a young person are
Spongy and compressible because the high water content of 90%
As you age the intervertebral discs do what
Become harder and less compressible because water level decreases
Spinal cord runs through what
Central cavity
Prior to birth how many vertebrae are there
33 seperate but overtime 9 fuse to form two composite bones
two composite bones of the spine
Sacrum and coccyx
What prevents shock to the head when running or walking
The s shape of the spine and the intervertebral discs
Drying of the discs and weakening of the discs causes old people to have what
Herniated discs
Slipped discs
Herniated discs
What else causes herniated discs
Exceptional twisting
What happens when you have a herniated disc
The disc presses on spinal cord or spinal nerves and causes numbness or excruciating pain
What curvatures develop after birth and what shape does it make
Cervical and lumbar
Makes s shape as in adults
What curvatures are present at birth and what shape does it form
C shaped
Thoracic and sacral
The secondary curvature allows us to do what
Center our body weight on lower limbs with minimum effort
When does the cervical curvature appear
Baby begins to raise its head
When does lumbar curvature appear
Baby begins to walk
To the side
Scoliosis
Hunchback
Kyphosis
Deep lower curve
Lordosis
What causes abnormal spinal curvatures
Congenital
Disease
Poor posture
Unequal muscle pull on spine
What is so special about the hyoid bone
It’s the only bone to not articulate with another bone
What kind of tissue makes up the intervertebral disc
Fibrocartilage in water
