Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

The hyoid bone AIDS in what

A

Swallowing and speech

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2
Q

Hyoid bones serves as a movable base for what

A

Tongue

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3
Q

Anchored by ligaments to styloid process of temporal bone

A

Hyoid bone

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4
Q

Compared to the infants total body length the skull is

A

Large

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5
Q

The skull is how much of infant body length and adult body length

A

1/4-infant

1/8-adult

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6
Q

Fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones

A

Fontannels

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7
Q

What do fontanels allow the skull to do

A

Compress during birth and grow during later pregnancy and infancy

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8
Q

How long does fontanels take to convert to bone

A

24 months

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9
Q

Axial support of the body

A

Vertebral column or spine

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10
Q

Location of spine

A

From the skull to the pelvis

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11
Q

What does the spine do for the skull and pelvis

A

It supports the skull and in the pelvis it transmits weight of the body to lower limbs

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12
Q

Vertebrae are named according to what

A

Location

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13
Q

How many vertebral bones

A

26

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14
Q

The vertebral bones are seperated by what

A

Intervertebral discs

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15
Q

Function of intervertebral discs

A

Cushion the vertebrae and absorb shocks and allow flexibility

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16
Q

The vertebral discs of a young person are

A

Spongy and compressible because the high water content of 90%

17
Q

As you age the intervertebral discs do what

A

Become harder and less compressible because water level decreases

18
Q

Spinal cord runs through what

A

Central cavity

19
Q

Prior to birth how many vertebrae are there

A

33 seperate but overtime 9 fuse to form two composite bones

20
Q

two composite bones of the spine

A

Sacrum and coccyx

21
Q

What prevents shock to the head when running or walking

A

The s shape of the spine and the intervertebral discs

22
Q

Drying of the discs and weakening of the discs causes old people to have what

A

Herniated discs

23
Q

Slipped discs

A

Herniated discs

24
Q

What else causes herniated discs

A

Exceptional twisting

25
What happens when you have a herniated disc
The disc presses on spinal cord or spinal nerves and causes numbness or excruciating pain
26
What curvatures develop after birth and what shape does it make
Cervical and lumbar | Makes s shape as in adults
27
What curvatures are present at birth and what shape does it form
C shaped | Thoracic and sacral
28
The secondary curvature allows us to do what
Center our body weight on lower limbs with minimum effort
29
When does the cervical curvature appear
Baby begins to raise its head
30
When does lumbar curvature appear
Baby begins to walk
31
To the side
Scoliosis
32
Hunchback
Kyphosis
33
Deep lower curve
Lordosis
34
What causes abnormal spinal curvatures
Congenital Disease Poor posture Unequal muscle pull on spine
35
What is so special about the hyoid bone
It's the only bone to not articulate with another bone
36
What kind of tissue makes up the intervertebral disc
Fibrocartilage in water