VERTEBRAE Flashcards
Pathology:
Failure of the posterior encasement of the spinal cord to close
SPINA BIFIDA
Pathology:
Separation of Pars Interarticularis
Spondylolysis
Pathology:
What is the term SHEUERRMANNS DISEASE
Adolescent KYPHOSIS
Pathology:
Loss of bone density
OSTEOPOROSIS
Pathology:
Fx of the anterior arch of C2 due to hyperextesion
Hangmans Fx
Pathology:
Avulsion fx of the spinous process in the lower cervical & upper thoracic region
Clay shovelers fx
Pathology:
Comminuted fx of the ring of C1
Jeffersons fx
Pathology:
Damage to the ligaments, vertebrae or spinal cord caused by sudden jerking back of the head &neck
Whiplash injury
Atlast or Axis?
Whats is the 2nd cervical bone
Axis
Atlast or Axis
What is odontoid?
Axis
Atlast or Axis?
What is dens?
Axis
At the level of mastoid tip?
C1 / ATLAST
2 Projections for Atlanto-occipital Joints
•AP OBLIQUE
•PA
What is the CR and RP of Atlanto-occipatal joint AP OBLIQUE projection?
Perpendicular 1 inch anterior to EAM
What is the CR and RP of Atlanto-occipatal joint PA projection?
Perpendicular exits the level of infraorbital margins
What are the METHOD that best demonstrates the DENS of cervical?
- FUCHS (AP)
- JUDD (PA)
- KASABACH (AP AXIAL OBLQ)
What projection best demonstrates the Dens within the formane magnum?
FUCHS METHOD
What projection best demonstrates the Dens and atlast within the formane magnum?
JUDD METHOD
What projection best demonstrates the Dens only?
KASABACH METHOD
What is the CR & RP of KASABACH METHOD?
10-15 CAUDAD, Midway b/n canthus and EAM
What is the CR & RP of “OPEN MOUTH” AP PROJECTION?
Perpendicular midpoint of open mouth
What is the structure shown in “OPEN MOUTH” AP PROJECTION?
Atlast & Axis
What is the method for the lateral upright of C1-C7?
Grandy method
What is the CR & RP point for AP AXIAL of cervical?
15-20 CEPHALAD
Rp: C4
It is a functional studies of cervical vertebrae to demonstrate normal AP movement or absent of movement
Lateral Projection Hyperflexion/Hypertension
Ottonello method is also known as
Wagging jaw
Useful for demonstrating the cervicothoracic spinous processes in patients with WHIPLASH INJURY
AP AXIAL PROJECTION VERTEBRAL ARCH (PILLARS)
AP AXIAL PROJECTION VERTEBRAL ARCH (PILLARS) Central Ray and Reference Point
(20-30) 25 degrees CAUDAD at C7
AP AXIAL OBLIQUE PROJECTION VERTEBRAL ARCH Central Ray and Reference Point
(30-40) 35 CAUDAD at C7
Used to demonstrate vertebral arches when the px cannot Hyperextend head for AP/PA axial projection
AP AXIAL OBLIQUE PROJECTION VERTEBRAL ARCH
BEST PROJECTION OF STERNUM?
RAO 15-20
What is the RP for Cervicothoracic Region?
Interspace of C7-T1
Best demonstrates the Intervertebral disk spaces?
Twining & Pawlow
Who recommended a Lateral recumbent, head elevated on patients arm?
Pawlow
Central ray for twinning if shoulder is not well depressed
5 Degrees CAUDAD
Central ray for Pawlow?
3-5 degrees Caudad
Central ray for modified Pawlow/Monda
5-15 degrees CAUDAD
