Verbs- Imperfective Flashcards
The imperfective form is the basic verb form in Japanese. It is roughly equivalent to present and future tenses of English, and is sometimes called the "non-past" form. Identify the verb and its edict word class abbreviation, then conjugate the verb into its polite form. This will aid you in your future studies. (Note:In this form, the v5u-s and v5k-s special class Godan verbs conjugate the same as their v5u and v5k brethren, so I won't include examples of them in this deck.)
A 五段動詞 (Godandoushi or Godan verb) is a “consonant stem” verb. Goudan verbs have conjugation methods for each of the different ending sounds (u, tsu, ru, ku, gu, bu, mu, su)
An 一段動詞 (Ichidandoushi or Ichidan) verb is a “vowel stem” verb that ends in “i.ru” or “e.ru”.
The verbs 来る (to come) and する (to do) have their own special classes for conjugations.
What are the edict word class abbreviations for these verbs?
v1 Ichidan verb v5 Godan verb (not completely classified) v5aru Godan verb -a.ru special class v5b Godan verb with「ぶ」ending v5g Godan verb with「ぐ」ending v5k Godan verb with「く」ending v5k-s Godan verb - I.ku/Yu.ku special class v5m Godan verb with「む」ending v5n Godan verb with「ぬ」ending v5r Godan verb with「る」ending v5r-i Godan verb with「る」ending (irregular verb) v5s Godan verb with「す」ending v5t Godan verb with「つ」ending v5u Godan verb with「う」ending v5u-s Godan verb with「う」ending (special class) vk Kuru verb - special class vs Suru verb - special class
買う
かう：to buy; to have a high opinion; to stir or provoke
買います
v5u, う→い＋ます
待つ
まつ：to wait; to anticipate; to look forward to
待ちます
v5t, つ→ち＋ます
ある
to be (inanimate); to exist
あります
v5r-i, る→り＋ます
走る
はしる：to run
走ります
v5r, る→り＋ます
向く
むく：to turn toward, to be suited to/ fit for
向きます
v5k, く→き＋ます
泳ぐ
およぐ：to swim
泳ぎます
v5g, ぐ→ぎ＋ます
死ぬ
しぬ：to die
死にます
v5n, ぬ→に＋ます
学ぶ
まなぶ：to study (in depth); to learn
学びます
v5n, ぶ→び＋ます
住む
すむ：to live; to reside, dwell or inhabit
住みます
v5m, む→み＋ます
話す
はなす：to speak
話します
v5s, す→し＋ます
出る
でる：to go out; to exit; to come forth
出ます
v1, ーる、＋ます
する
to do, cause, become, etc.
します
vs (suru special class)
来る
くる：to come; to arrive
来ます「きます」
vk (kuru special class)
会う
あう：to meet
会います
v5u, う→い＋ます
