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National 5 Spanish > Verbs/Grammar > Flashcards

Verbs/Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

a + el

A

al

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2
Q

a + la

A

a la

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3
Q

yo (-ar)

A

-o

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4
Q

tú (-ar)

A

-as

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5
Q

Él/Ella/Usted (-ar)

A

-a

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6
Q

Nosotros/as (-ar)

A

-amos

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7
Q

Vosotros/as (-ar)

A

-áis

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8
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (-ar)

A

-an

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9
Q

Yo (-er) and (-ir)

A

-o

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10
Q

tú (-er) and (-ir)

A

-es

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11
Q

Él/Ella/Usted (-er) and (-ir)

A

-e

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12
Q

Nosotros/as (-er)

A

-emos

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13
Q

Vosotros/as (-er)

A

-éis

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14
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (-er)

A

-en

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15
Q

Nosotros/as (-ir)

A

-imos

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16
Q

Vosotros/as (-ir)

A

-ís

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17
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (-ir)

A

-en

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18
Q

I go

A

Voy

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19
Q

You go

A

Vas

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20
Q

He goes

A

Va

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21
Q

We go

A

Vamos

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22
Q

You (pl) go

A

Vais

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23
Q

They go

A

Van

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24
Q

Yo (-ar) preterite tense

A

-é

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25
Q

Tú (-ar) preterite tense

A

-aste

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26
Q

Él/Ella/Usted (-ar) preterite tense

A

-ó

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27
Q

Nosotros/as (-ar) preterite tense

A

-amos

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28
Q

Vosotros/as (-ar) preterite tense

A

-asteis

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29
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (-ar) preterite tense

A

-aron

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30
Q

Yo (-er/-ir) preterite tense

A

-í

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31
Q

Tú (-er/-ir) preterite tense

A

-iste

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32
Q

Él/Ella (-er/-ir) preterite tense

A

-ió

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33
Q

Nosotros/as (-er/-ir) preterite tense

A

-imos

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34
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (-er/-ir) preterite tense

A

-ieron

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35
Q

Yo (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fui

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36
Q

Tú (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fuiste

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37
Q

Él/Ella/Usted (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fue

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38
Q

Nosotros/as (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fuimos

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39
Q

Vosotros/as (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fuisteis

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40
Q

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes (ir/ser) preterite tense

A

Fueron

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41
Q

Era

A

It was (descriptive)

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42
Q

Estaba

A

It was (location)

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43
Q

Volver, vuelvo

A

To return

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44
Q

Poder, puedo

A

To be able to

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45
Q

Probar, pruebo

A

To try

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46
Q

Dormir, duermo

A

To sleep

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47
Q

Acostarse, me acuesto (reflexive verb)

A

To go to bed

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48
Q

Mostrar, muestro

A

To show

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49
Q

Dermostrar, demuestro

A

To demonstrate

50
Q

Acordar

A

To agree

51
Q

Acordarse, me acuerdo (reflexive verb)

A

To remember

52
Q

Encontrar, encuentro

A

To meet/find

53
Q

Costar, cuesto

A

To cost

54
Q

Doler, duelo

A

To hurt

55
Q

Preferir, prefiero

A

To prefer

56
Q

Cerrar, cierro

A

To shut

57
Q

Empezar, empiezo

A

To begin

58
Q

Entender, entiendo

A

To understand

59
Q

Pensar, pienso

A

To think

60
Q

Despertarse, me despierto (reflexive verb)

A

To wake up.

61
Q

Comenzar, comienzo

A

To start/begin

62
Q

Pedir, pido

A

To ask for

63
Q

Repetir, repito

A

To repeat

64
Q

Reír(se), (me) río

A

To laugh

65
Q

Seguir, sigo

A

To follow

66
Q

Jugar, juego

A

To play

67
Q

Tenía

A

It had

68
Q

Había

A

There was / were

69
Q

Tampoco

A

Not… either

70
Q

Desde hace

A

How long? / for

71
Q

Ni…ni…

A

Neither …nor…

72
Q

My (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

mi, mis

73
Q

Your (sing) (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

tu, tus

74
Q

His / her / its (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

su, sus

75
Q

What are the sing. and plural endings for -o/a adjectives (eg. serio)

A

Masc. sing. -serio
Fem. sing. -seria
Masc. pl. -serios
Fem. pl. -serias

76
Q

Our (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

nuestro/a, nuestros/as

77
Q

Your (plural) (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

vuestro/a, vuestros/as

78
Q

Their (possessive adjectives for singular and plural)

A

su, sus

79
Q

What are the sing. and plural endings for -e adjectives (eg. inteligente)

A

Sing. inteligente
Pl. intelligentes (add -es)

80
Q

How to use ‘para + infinitive’

A

(in order) to + verb in infinitive form

81
Q

What are the sing. and plural endings for consonant adjectives (eg. fiel)

A

Sing. fiel
Pl. fieles (add -es)

82
Q

State the direct object pronoun for ‘I’

A

me

83
Q

What are the sing. and plural endings for-or/-ora adjectives (eg. hablador)

A

Masc. sing. Hablador
Fem. sing. Habladora
Masc. pl. Habladores
Fem. pl. Habladoras

84
Q

State the direct object pronoun for ‘You (s.)’

A

te

85
Q

State the direct object pronoun for ‘He/she/it’

A

se

86
Q

State the direct object pronoun for ‘we’

A

nos

87
Q

State the direct object pronoun ‘You (p.)’

A

os

88
Q

State the direct object pronoun for ‘they’

A

se

89
Q

State the conjugation of ‘llevarse - to get on’

A

Me llevo
Te llevas
Se lleva
Nos llevamos
Os lleváis
Se llevan

90
Q

State the conjugation of ‘pelearse - to fight’

A

Me peleo
Te peleas
Se pelea
Nos peleamos
Os peleáis
Se pelean

91
Q

State the conjugation of ‘divertirse - to have fun’

A

Me divierto
Te diviertes
Se divierte
Nos divertimos
Os divertís
Se divierten

Note: this is a stem-changing verb

92
Q

What are the sing. and plural endings for -ista adjectives (eg. optimista)

A

Masc. sing. optimista
Fem. sing. optimista
Masc. pl. optimistas
Fem. pl. optimistas

93
Q

State the conjugation for ser

A

Soy - I am
Eres - You are
Es - He is
Somos - We are
Sois - You (pl) are
Son - They are

94
Q

State the conjugation for estar

A

Estoy - I am
Estás - You are
Está - He is
Estamos - We are
Estáis - You (pl) are
Están - They are

95
Q

How to use present continuous

A

For -AR verbs: conjugation is -ando

For -ER/-IR verbs: conjugation is -iendo

Formula is: ESTAR + VERB

Examples include:
Estoy leyendo = I am reading

96
Q

What is ser used for?

A

Ser is used to describe permanent or semi-permanent characteristics

97
Q

What is estar used for?

A

It is used for location or temporary states

98
Q

Nationality

A

Ser

99
Q

Mood

A

Estar

100
Q

Health

A

Estar

101
Q

Appearance

A

Ser

102
Q

Profession

A

Ser

103
Q

Position/Location

A

Estar

104
Q

Character

A

Ser

105
Q

State the conjugation for hablar imperfect tense (-ar)

A

Hablaba
Hablabas
Hablaba
Hablábamos
Hablabais
Hablaban

106
Q

State the conjugation for comer imperfect tense (-er/-ir verbs’

A

(Com)ía
(Com)ías
(Com)ía
(Com)íamos
(Com)íais
(Com)ían

107
Q

State the imperfect tense conjugation for -IR verbs.

A

-ía
-ías
-ía
-íamos
-íais
-ían

108
Q

State the conjugation of ‘querer - to want’

A

Quiero
Quieres
Quiere
Queremos
Queréis
Quieren

109
Q

State the conjugation of ‘poder - to be able’

A

Puedo
Puedes
Puede
Podemos
Podéis
Pueden

110
Q

How do you conjugate the present continuous?

A

estar + (infinitive stem)—ando (-AR verbs)

estar + (infinitive stem)—iendo (-ER and -IR verbs)

111
Q

State the conjugation of soler.

A

suelo - I usually / tend to

sueles - You usually / tend to

suele - He/she/you polite usually / tend to

solemos - We usually / tend to

soléis - You (plural) usually / tend to

suelen - They / you (plural, polite) usually / tend to

NOTE: stem changing verb (o -> ue)

112
Q

How do you translate the phrase ‘ya no…’

A

I no longer…

113
Q

State the conjugation of the future tense for regular verbs (-AR, -ER, -IR)

A

yo: é

tú: -ás

él/ella/usted: -á

nosotros/as: -emos

vosotros/as: éis

ellos/ellas/ustedes: -án

NOTE: you add this onto the infinitive, you don’t remove -AR, -ER, -IR

114
Q

What are the conjugations for the conditional tense (would… -AR, -ER, -IR)

A

yo: -ía

tú: ías

él/ella/usted: ía

nosotros/as: íamos

vosotros/as: íais

ellos/ellas/ustedes: ían

NOTE: this is added to the -AR, -ER, -IR

115
Q

What is the simple future conjugations for tener, ser, hacer and estar?

A

stem: tendr-
stem: ser-
stem: har-
stem: estar-

Add the conjugations onto these stems.

116
Q

What are the preterite tense conjugations for tener, ir, ser, estar and hacer?

A

tener: tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron.

ir/ser: fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

estar: estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron.

hacer: hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron.

117
Q

What are the imperfect tense conjugations for tener, ser, ir, estar, hacer and ver?

A

ver: veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veíais, veían.

hacer: hacía, hacías, hacía, hacíamos, hacíais, hacían.

estar: estaba, estabas, estaba, estábamos, estabais, estaban.

ser: era, eras, era, éramos, erais, eran.

ir: iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, ibais, iban

tener: tenía, tenías, tenía, teníamos, teníais, tenían.

118
Q

How do you conjugate the past participle tense (regular verbs)

A

he/has/ha/hemos/habéis/han + (verb stem) + -ado (AR) / -ido (ER/IR)

119
Q

How do you conjugate the pluperfect tense (regular verbs)?

A

había/habías/había/habíamos/habíais/habían + (verb stem) + -ado (AR) / -ido (ER/IR)

120
Q

Give an example from every tense in these flashcards (it doesn’t have to be the example given below).

A

Simple present: leo → I read.

Near future: vamos a comer algo dulce → We are going to eat something sweet.

Preterite: ¡El año pasado visité Barcelona y fue flipante! → Last year I visited Barcelona and it was amazing!

Imperfect: El hotel estaba en la costa → The hotel was on the coast.

Simple future: Se graduará de la universidad el mes próximo → He will graduate from the university next month.

Conditional: Te gustarías vivir en España → You would like to live in Spain.

Present Continuous: Estoy lavándome mis dientes → I am washing my teeth.

Past Participle: He leído todos los libros de JK Rowling → I have read all of JK Rowling’s books.

Pluperfect: Había estado en Sevilla cuando era muy jóven → I had been to Sevilla when I was very young.

Conjugations in bold.

National 5 Spanish (7 decks)

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