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AP lang > verbs > Flashcards

verbs Flashcards

1
Q

past

A

simple past (add -ed for regular, memorize irregular)
“he tried”
action that both started and ended in the past

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2
Q

future

A

will + base verb
“he will try”
action that has not happened but will happen in the future

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3
Q

present perfect

A

“has” or “have” + past participle
“he has tried”
happened at unspecific/undetermined time
started in the past and has continued into the present

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4
Q

past perfect

A

“had” + past participle of verb
“he had tried”
past action that started and ended before another past action started

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5
Q

future perfect

A

“will have” + past participle of verb
“he will have tried”
action that will have happened by a specific deadline in the future

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6
Q

present progressive

A

present “be” + present participle of verb
“he is trying”
action that is ongoing/continuing into present

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7
Q

past progressive

A

past “be” + present part of verb
“he was trying”
past action that is ongoing
interrupted action

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8
Q

future progressive

A

future “be” + present part of verb
“he will be trying”
future action that will be ongoing/continuing

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9
Q

present perfect progressive

A

present perfect “be” + present part of main verb
“he has been trying”
ongoing action that started in past and continued to present

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10
Q

past perfect progressive

A

past perfect “be” + present part of main verb
“he has been trying”
past ongoing action that happened before another past action

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11
Q

future perfect progressive

A

future perfect “be” + present part of main verb
“he will have been trying”
ongoing future action that will last for a while but eventually stop

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12
Q

present emphatic

A

“do/does” + base verb
“he does try”
additional emphasis on verb
counters perspective

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13
Q

past emphatic

A

“did” + base verb
“he did try”
same
emphasis on verb, but for past action

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14
Q

subjunctive mood

A

drop “-s” from 3rd person singular, use “be” instead of “am, is, are,” use “were” not “was”
“we demand that she take the bus home”
express demand, necessity, etc
contrary to fact

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15
Q

present

A

base form (add -s or -es for 3rd person singular). “he tries.”

constant, habitual, repeated.
exists only now.
literary, historic, sports-related.

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16
Q

uses “shall” or “will” plus the base form of the verb

A

future

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17
Q

uses the base form of the verb

A

present (he tries)

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18
Q

expresses action that is constant, habitual, or repeated

A

present (he tries)

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19
Q

to express an action or condition that exists only now

A

present (she tries)

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20
Q

to express action that is literary, historic, or sports related

A

present (she tries)

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21
Q

uses simple past (-ed for regular verbs)

A

past (they tried)

22
Q

to express an action that started and ended in the past

A

past (they tried)

23
Q

uses the formation of “will” + base form of the main verb

A

future (they will try)

24
Q

to express an action that has not happened yet but will happen in the future

A

future (they will try)

25
Q

uses formation of “has” or “have” + past participle of the main verb

A

present perfect (they have tried)

26
Q

uses to express an action or condition that has happened at an unspecific or undetermined time in the past

A

present perfect (they have tried)

27
Q

used to express an action or condition that started in the past and has continued into the present

A

present perfect (they have tried)

28
Q

uses formation of “had” + past participle of main verb

A

past perfect (they had tried)

29
Q

used to express a past action or condition that started and ended before another past action started

A

past perfect (they had tried)

30
Q

uses formation of “will have” + past participle of main verb

A

future perfect (they will have tried)

31
Q

used to expresses a future action or condition that will have happened by a specific deadline in the future

A

future perfect (they will have listened)

32
Q

uses formation of present tense of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

present progressive (they are trying)

33
Q

used to express a condition or action that is ongoing or continuing into the present

A

present progressive (they are trying)

34
Q

uses formation of past tense of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

past progressive (they were trying)

35
Q

used to express an action in the past that is ongoing or continuing

A

past progressive (they were trying)

36
Q

indicates interrupted action

A

past progressive (they were trying)

37
Q

uses formation of future tense of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

future progressive (they will be trying)

38
Q

used to express an action in the future that will be ongoing or continuing

A

future progressive (they will be trying)

39
Q

uses formation of present perfect of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

present perfect progressive (they have been trying)

40
Q

used to express an ongoing or continuing action that started in the past and continued into the present. this tense emphasizes the continuing nature of the action.

A

present perfect progressive (they have been trying)

41
Q

uses formation of past perfect of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

past perfect progressive (they had been trying)

42
Q

to express an ongoing or continuing action in the past that has happened before another past action

A

past perfect progressive (they had been trying)

43
Q

uses future perfect of “be” + present participle of the main verb

A

future perfect progressive (they will have been trying)

44
Q

used to express an ongoing or continuing action in the future that will last for a while but ultimately have some kind of deadline or future action happening after this action

A

future perfect progressive (they will have been trying)

45
Q

uses the formation of “do/does” + base form of the main verb

A

present emphatic (they do try)

46
Q

the use of this verb tense emphasizes an additional force or emphasis on the verb. it sometimes counters another’s perspective

A

present emphatic (they do try) AND past emphatic (they did try)

47
Q

uses the formation of “did” + base form of the main verb

A

past emphatic (they did try)

48
Q

uses the formation of dropping the -s from third person singular, uses “be” instead of “am/is/are,” uses “were” instead of “was”

A

subjunctive (we demand that she take the bus home; it is necessary that you be home before dark; if i were you, i would not wear that outfit)

49
Q

used to express, indirectly, a demand/recommendation/suggestion/etc

A

subjunctive (we demand that she take the bus home; it is necessary that you be home before dark; if i were you, i would not wear that outfit)

50
Q

used to state a condition of a wish that is contrary to fact. use the past tense for this usage

A

subjunctive (we demand that she take the bus home; it is necessary that you be home before dark; if i were you, i would not wear that outfit)

51
Q

how to past participle

A

for regular verbs, add -ed

52
Q

how to present participle

A

add -ing

AP lang (8 decks)

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