Verbs Flashcards
amo, amare, amavi, amatum
to love, like (amabo te: please (I will love you))
cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatum
to think, ponder, consider, plan
debeo, debere, debui, debitum
to owe; ought, must
do, dare, dedi, datum
to give, offer
erro, errare, erravi, erratum
to wander, err, go astray, be mistaken
laudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatum
to praise
moneo, monere, monui, monitum
to remind, advise, warn
salveo, salvere, -, -
to be well, be in good health (salve and salvete: hello)
servo, servare, servavi, servatum
to preserve, save, keep, guard
conservo, conservare, conservavi, conservatum
to preserve, conserve, maintain (stronger than servo)
terreo, terrere, terrui, territum
to frighten, terrify
valeo, valere, valui, valiturum
to be strong, have power; be well (vale and valete: good-bye, farewell)
video, videre, vidi, visum
to see; observe, understand
voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum
to call, summon
habeo, habere, habui, habitum
to have, hold, possess, consider, regard
satio, satiare, satiavi, satiatum
to satisfy, sate
iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutum
to help, aid, assist; to please
sum, esse, fui, futurum
to be, exist
ceno, cenare, cenavi, cenatum
to dine
culpo, culpare, culpavi, culpatum
to blame, censure
remaneo, remanere, remansi, remansum
to remain, stay behind, abide, continue
maneo, manere, mansi, mansum
to remain, stay, abide, continue
supero, superare, superavi, superatum
to be above, have the upper hand, surpass; overcome, conquer
possum, posse, potui, -
to be able, can, could, have power
tolero, tolerare, toleravi, toleratum
to bear, endure
audeo, audere, ausus sum, -
to dare
neco, necare, necavi, necatum
to murder, kill
ago, agere, egi, actum
to drive, lead, do, act; pass, spend (gratias agere: to give thanks)
demonstro, demonstrare, demonstravi, demonstratum
to point out, show, demonstrate
disco, discere, didici, -
to learn
doceo, docere, docui, doctum
to teach
duco, ducere, duxi, ductum
to lead; consider, regard; prolong
gero, gerere, gessi, gestum
to carry, carry on, manage, conduct, accomplish, perform
scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptum
to write, compose
traho, trahere, traxi, tractum
to draw, drag, derive
vinco, vincere, vici, victum
to conquer, overcome
audio, audire, audivi, auditum
to hear, listen to
capio, capere, cepi, captum
to take, capture, seize, get
dico, dicere, dixi, dictum
to say, tell, speak; name, call
facio, facere, feci, factum
to make, do, accomplish
fugio, fugere, fugi, fugiturum
to flee, hurry away; go into exile; avoid, shun
venio, venire, veni, ventum
to come
invenio, invenire, inveni, inventum
to come upon, find
vivo, vivere, vixi, victum
to live
intellego, intellegere, intellexi, intellectum
to understand
mitto, mittere, misi, missum
to send, let go
sentio, sentire, sensi, sensum
to feel, perceive, think, experience
amitto, amittere, amisi, amissum
to lose, let go
cado, cadere, cecidi, casurum
to fall (‘casum’ is an alternative fourth principal part)
creo, creare, creavi, creatum
to create
alo, alere, alui, altum
to nourish, support, sustain, increase, cherish
diligo, diligere, dilexi, dilectum
to esteem, love
iungo, iungere, iunxi, iunctum
to join
sto, stare, steti, statum
to stand, stand still, stand firm
appello, appellare, appellavi, appellatum
to speak to, address (as), call, name
curro, currere, cucurri, cursum
to run, rush, move quickly
muto, mutare, mutavi, mutatum
to change, alter; exchange
teneo, tenere, tenui, tentum
to hold, keep, possess; restrain
vito, vitare, vitavi, vitatum
to avoid, shun
committo, committere, commisi, commissum
to entrust, commit
exspecto, exspectare, exspectavi, exspectatum
to look for, expect, await
iacio, iacere, ieci, iectum
to throw, hurl
eicio, eicere, eieci, eiectum
to throw out, drive out
timeo, timere, timui, -
to fear, be afraid of, be afraid
rego, regere, rexi, rectum
to rule, guide, direct
admitto, admittere, admisi, admissum
to admit, receive, let in
-, coepisse, coepi, coeptum
began (only used in the perfect system)
cupio, cupere, cupivi, cupitum
to desire, wish, long for
deleo, delere, delevi, deletum
to destroy, wipe out, erase
desidero, desiderare, desideravi, desideratum
to desire, long for, miss
incipio, incipere, incepi, inceptum
to begin
navigo, navigare, navigavi, navigatum
to sail, navigate
neglego, neglegere, neglexi, neglectum
to neglect, disregard
recito, recitare, recitavi, recitatum
to read aloud, recite
fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluxum
to flow
lego, legere, legi, lectum
to pick out, choose; read
misceo, miscere, miscui, mixtum
to mix, stir up, disturb
moveo, movere, movi, motum
to move; arouse, affect
videor, videri, visus sum, -
to be seen, seem, appear
delecto, delectare, delectavi, delectatum
to delight, charm, please
libero, liberare, liberavi, liberatum
to free, liberate
paro, parare, paravi, paratum
to prepare, provide, get, obtain
careo, carere, carui, cariturus
to be without, be deprived of, want, lack; be free from (takes ablative of separation)
defendo, defendere, defendi, defensum
to ward off; defend, protect
discedo, discedere, discessi, discessum
to go away, depart
-, odisse, odi, osurum
to hate
prohibeo, prohibere, prohibui, prohibitum
to keep (back), prevent, hinder, restrain, prohibit
pronuntio, pronuntiare, pronuntiavi, pronuntiatum
to proclaim, announce; declaim; pronounce
contineo, continere, continui, contentum
to hold together, contain, keep, enclose, restrain
iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussum
to bid, order, command
laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratum
to labor, be in distress
rapio, rapere, rapui, raptum
to seize, snatch, carry away
relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictum
to leave behind, leave, abandon, desert
scio, scire, scivi, scitum
to know
tango, tangere, tetigi, tactum
to touch
cerno, cernere, crevi, cretum
to distinguish, discern, perceive
eripio, eripere, eripui, ereptum
to snatch away, take away; rescue
inquit, -, -, -
he says, he said (defective verb placed after one or more words of direct quotation)
tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatum
to raise, lift up; take away, remove, destroy
educo, educare, educavi, educatum
to bring up, educate
gaudeo, gaudere, gavisus sum, -
to be glad, rejoice
ostendo, ostendere, ostendi, ostentum
to exhibit, show, display
peto, petere, petivi, petitum
to seek, aim at, beg, beseech
premo, premere, pressi, pressum
to press, press hard, pursue
opprimo, opprimere, oppressi, oppressum
to suppress, overwhelm, overpower, check
verto, vertere, verti, versum
to turn; change
accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptum
to take (to one’s self), receive, accept
excipio, excipere, excepi, exceptum
to take out, except; take, receive, capture
recipio, recipere, recepi, receptum
to take back, regain, admit, receive
pello, pellere, pepuli, pulsum
to strike, push, drive out, banish
expello, expellere, expuli, expulsum
to drive out, expel, banish
narro, narrare, narravi, narratum
to tell, report, narrate
quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitum
to seek, look for, strive for; ask, inquire, inquire into
rideo, ridere, risi, risum
to laugh, laugh at
ait, -, -, -
he says, they say, assert (or aiunt)
credo, credere, credidi, creditum
to believe, trust
iaceo, iacere, iacui, -
to lie, lie prostrate, lie dead
nego, negare, negavi, negatum
to deny, say that…not
nescio, nescire, nescivi, nescitum
not to know, be ignorant
nuntio, nuntiare, nuntiavi, nuntiatum
to announce, report, relate
patefacio, patefacere, patefeci, petefactum
to make open, open; disclose, expose
puto, putare, putavi, putatum
to clean, trim; reckon, suppose, judge, think, imagine
spero, sperare, speravi, speratum
to hope for, hope
suscipio, suscipere, suscepi, susceptum
to undertake
invito, invitare, invitavi, invitatum
to entertain, invite, summon
pono, ponere, posui, positum
to put, place, set
probo, probare, probavi, probatum
to test, approve, recommend
cedo, cedere, cessi, cessum
to go, withdraw; yield to, grant, submit
dedico, dedicare, dedicavi, dedicatum
to dedicate
egeo, egere, egui, -
to need, lack, want
expleo, explere, explevi, expletum
to fill, fill up, complete
praesto, praestare, praestiti, praestitum
to excel; exhibit, show, offer, supply, furnish
taceo, tacere, tacui, tacitum
to be silent, leave unmentioned
condo, condere, condidi, conditum
to put together, put into, store; found, establish
contendo, contendere, contendi, contenditum
to strive, struggle, contend; hasten
mollio, mollire, mollivi, mollitum
to soften; make calm, make less hostile
pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatum
to fight
respondeo, respondere, respondi, responsum
to answer
surgo, surgere, surrexi, surrectum
to get up, arise
bibo, bibere, bibi, -
to drink
cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitum
to become acquainted with, learn, recognize; (in perf.) know
comprehendo, comprehendere, comprehendi, comprehensum
to grasp, seize, arrest; comprehend, understand
consumo, consumere, consumpsi, consumptum
to consume, use up
dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatum
to doubt, hesitate
expono, exponere, exposui, expositum
to set forth, explain, expose
minuo, minuere, minui, minutum
to lessen, diminish
rogo, rogare, rogavi, rogatum
to ask
doleo, dolere, dolui, doliturum
to grieve, suffer, hurt, give pain
dormio, dormire, dormivi, dormitum
to sleep
fero, ferre, tuli, latum
to bear, carry, bring; suffer, endure, tolerate; say, report
adfero, adferre, attuli, allatum
to bring to
confero, conferre, contuli, collatum
to bring together, compare; confer, bestow (se conferre: betake onself, go)
offero, offerre, obtuli, oblatum
to offer
refero, referre, rettuli, relatum
to carry back, bring back; repeat, answer, report
invideo, invidere, invidi, invisum
to be envious; to look at with envy, envy, be jealous of
occido, occidere, occidi, occasum
to fall down; die; set
malo, malle, malui, -
to want (something) more, instead; prefer
nolo, nolle, nolui, -
to not…wish, be unwilling
pateo, patere, patui, -
to be open, lie open, be accessible, be evident
praebeo, praebere, praebui, praebitum
to offer, provide
promitto, promittere, promisi, promissum
to send forth; promise
volo, velle, volui, -
to wish, want, be willing, will
recuso, recusare, recusavi, recusatum
to refuse
trado, tradere, tradidi, traditum
to give over, surrender; hand down, transmit, teach
arbitror, arbitrari, arbitratus sum, -
to judge, think
conor, conari, conatus sum, -
to try, attempt
cresco, crescere, crevi, cretum
to increase
egredior, egredi, egressus sum, -
to go out
fateor, fateri, fassus sum, -
to confess, admit
hortor, hortari, hortatus sum, -
to encourage, urge
loquor, loqui, locutus sum, -
to say, speak, tell
molior, moliri, molitus sum, -
to work at, build, undertake, plan
morior, mori, mortuus sum, -
to die
nascor, nasci, natus sum, -
to be born; spring forth, arise
patior, pati, passus sum, -
to suffer, endure, permit
proficiscor, proficisci, profectus sum, -
to set out, start
rusticor, rusticari, rusticatus sum, -
to live in the country
sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessum
to sit
sequor, sequi, secutus sum, -
to follow
specto, spectare, spectavi, spectatum
to look at, see
utor, uti, usus sum, -
to use; enjoy, experience
antepono, anteponere, anteposui, antepositum
to put before, prefer
foveo, fovere, fovi, fotum
to comfort, nurture, cherish
ignosco, ignoscere, ignovi, ignotum
to grant pardon to, forgive
impero, imperare, imperavi, imperatum
to give orders to, command
miror, mirari, miratus sum, -
to marvel at, admire, wonder
noceo, nocere, nocui, nocitum
to do harm to, harm, injure
nubo, nubere, nupsi, nuptum
to cover, veil; (with dat.) to be married to, marry
parco, parcere, peperci, parsurum
to be lenient to, spare
pareo, parere, parui, -
to be obedient to, obey
persuadeo, persuadere, persuasi, persuasum
to make sweet to, persuade
placeo, placere, placui, placitum
to be pleasing to, please
sapio, sapere, sapui, -
to have good taste; have good sense, be wise
servio, servire, servivi, servitum
to be a slave to, serve
studeo, studere, studui, -
to direct one’s zeal to, be eager for, study
subrideo, subridere, subrisi, subrisum
to smile upon, to smile down upon
accedo, accedere, accessi, accessum
to come (to), approach
carpo, carpere, carpsi, carptum
to harvest, pluck, seize
cogo, cogere, coegi, coactum
to drive together, bring together, force, compel
contemno, contemnere, contempsi, contemptum
to despise, scorn
contundo, contundere, contudi, contusum
to beat, crush, bruise, destroy
curo, curare, curavi, curatum
to care for, attend to; heal, cure; take care
decerno, decernere, decrevi, decretum
to decide, settle, decree
exigo, exigere, exegi, exactum
to drive out, force out, exact; drive through, complete, perfect
fio, fieri, factus sum, -
to occur, happen, become; be made, be done
oblecto, oblectare, oblectavi, oblectatum
to please, amuse, delight; pass time pleasantly
oro, orare, oravi, oratum
to speak, plead; beg, beseech, entreat
recreo, recreare, recreavi, recreatum
to restore, revive; refresh, cheer
requiro, requirere, requisivi, requisitum
to seek, ask for, miss, need, require
sereno, serenare, serenavi, serenatum
to make clear, brighten; cheer up, soothe
eo, ire, ii, itum
to go
abeo, abire, abii, abitum
to go away, depart
adeo, adire, adii, aditum
to go to, approach
exeo, exire, exii, exitum
to go out, exit
ineo, inire, inii, initum
to go in, enter
obeo, obire, obii, obitum
to go up against, meet; die
pereo, perire, perii, peritum
to pass away, be destroyed, perish
redeo, redire, redii, reditum
to go back, return
interficio, interficere, interfeci, interfectum
to kill, murder
licet, licere, licuit, -
(impersonal) it is permitted, one may
peregrinor, peregrinari, peregrinatus sum, -
to travel abroad, wander
requiesco, requiescere, requievi, requietum
to rest
soleo, solere, solitus sum, -
to be accustomed
impedio, impedire, impedivi, impeditum
to impede, hinder, prevent
metuo, metuere, metui, -
to fear, dread
queror, queri, questus sum, -
to complain, lament
recognosco, recognoscere, recognovi, recognitum
to recognize, recollect
suspendo, suspendere, suspendi, suspensum
to hang up, suspend; interrupt
vendo, vendere, vendidi, venditum
to sell
ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi, ambulatum
to walk
experior, experiri, expertus sum, -
to try, test, experience
libo, libare, libavi, libatum
to pour a libation of, pour a libation on; to pour ritually; to sip, touch gently
oportet, oportere, oportuit, -
it is proper, right, necessary
oppugno, oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatum
to fight against, attack, assault, assail
orno, ornare, ornavi, ornatum
to equip, furnish, adorn
pernocto, pernoctare, pernoctavi, pernoctatum
to spend the night, occupy the night
transeo, transire, transii, transitum
to go across, cross; pass over, ignore
explico, explicare, explicavi, explicatum
to unfold, explain; spread out, deploy
fatigo, fatigare, fatigavi, fatigatum
to weary, tire out
for, fari, fatus sum, -
to speak (prophetically), talk, foretell
opinor, opinari, opinatus sum, -
to suppose
reperio, reperire, repperi, repertum
to find, discover, learn, get
vereor, vereri, vertus sum, -
to show reverence for, respect; be afraid of, fear
