verbs Flashcards
finite verb
has a number,person and tense
can stand on its own without auxiliary verb
infinitives
don’t have specific subject or tense
preceded by ‘to’ or auxiliary verb
must not be split ELSE split infinitive
auxiliary verb
helping verb
transitive verb
takes a direct object
the action of the verb passes from the subject to the direct object
intransitive verb
not followed by a direct object
don’t need an object to make sense – they have meaning on their own.
verb moods
- indicative: express fact or provide information
-imperative:express command or instruction
-subjunctive: express doubt,wish,uncertainty (was changes to were for all)
-interrogative: express questions
participles
work w auxiliary verb to form tense and mood
operate as an adjective
must be placed close to related noun ELSE misrelated participle
present participle
end in -ing
adjectival function
past participle
end in -ed, -en,-t
make past tense, adjectival function
gerund
verb that functions as noun
gerundive
verb acts as an adjective
passive voice
object has action done to it
active voice
subject does the action
phrasal verb
2 words - 1 main verb and adverb (looks like preposition)
eg turned up, called off
passive and active with questions
by
who- by whom?
what- by what?
adverbs
modify verbs
manner, place, time, degree, frequency, reason
can also modify adjectives
must be placed close to word it modifies)
sentence modifiers
modify sentences
changes nature of sentence + expresses speaker’s opinion
eg. actually, certainly, definitely, fortunately, obviously, surely,perhaps
comparative adverbs
trappe van vergelyking
comparative- superlative
active and passive voice
moving subject + object of sentence
lydende vorm
