Verb Tense, Mood, And Voice

Question 1

What is the typical use of present tense?

Answer 1

To describe things that happen routinely or to discuss facts and universal truth that do not change over time.

To describe events in a literary work.

Question 2

What form can be used to create future tense expressions?

Answer 2

Form of “to be” + “ going to” + the base verb. Future tense expressed in this way is generally used in sentences about future events that are planned or that seem likely to occur.

Ex. I AM GOING TO GO to the beach later today. (The action has not yet begun and is planned.)

Question 3

When is future in the past tense used?

Answer 3

When sentences about past events refer to events that were in the future when the past events occurred.

“Was going to”

Question 4

What can the helping verb “would” be used for?

Answer 4

In sentence that describe events in the past, the helping verb “would” can be used to indicate that an action was habitual.

When Lou Gehrig had time off from playing basketball, he WOULD GO boating on Long Island Sound.

Question 5

What is the present perfect tense used for?

Answer 5

The present perfect tense is used in describing an event that began in the past and continues into the present, or one that happened in the past and continues to affect the present.

Present perfect tense = “have” or “has” + past participle.

Ex. He HAS BEEN to Istanbul six times.

She HAS WON the gold medal in the school spelling bee twice.

Question 6

What is past perfect tense used for?

Answer 6

Used in describing a past action that occurred before another past action.

Used to indicate that an event occurred before a specific date or time period in the past.

“Had” + the past participle of a verb

Question 7

If a sentence makes clear the time sequence of past events without the use of the past perfect tense, is the use of the past perfect tense necessary?

Answer 7

No it is not necessary.

Ex.
BEFORE he announced his resignation, the president of the fledgling company was pressured by the board to step down.

The keyword “before” serves to make clear the time sequence of the events described by this sentence. So, using the simple past “pressured” makes sense.

Question 8

What is future perfect tense used for?

Answer 8

To describe a future event that will be completed before another future event of before a specific time in the future.

future perfect tense = “will” + “have” + past participle

Ex. By Monday, he WILL HAVE HAD a week to complete the assignment.

Question 9

What is the present continuous tense used for?

Answer 9

Present continuous tense is to describe events that are temporarily ongoing in the present. Formed by joining a present tense of the verb “to be” with the present participle (-ing form) of the base verb.

Ex.

The children are playing outside. (The action is temporarily ongoing.)

Question 10

What is the past continuous tense used for?

Answer 10

Past continuous tense is to describe an action or events that WAS on going but has ended.

Also be used to describe an even that was occurring in the background when a more notable even occurred.

Ex.
The children were playing outside yesterday. (Action was ongoing but has ended.)

The woman was washing clothes when the police arrived.

Question 11

What is the future continuous tense used for?

Answer 11

To describe an action or even that will be ongoing, but has not yet begun.

Ex.

The children will be playing outside tomorrow. (An ongoing future action)

Question 12

What is the indicative mood?

Answer 12

The most common verb mood and is used to state facts, assertions, and observations.

Ex.

The flower smells good.

Tomorrow, we’ll go to the beach.

The panel concluded that the bank should stop financing oil projects completely by 2008.

Question 13

What is the imperative mood?

Answer 13

The imperative mood is used in giving commands and supplying directions. The imperative mood form of a verb is the infinite of the verb without “to”.

Ex.

Don’t throw away that letter. (“Do” is the imperative form of “to do.”)

Please go to the embassy and inform the ambassador right away. (“Go” is the imperative form of “to go.”)

Question 14

What is the subjunctive mood?

Answer 14

The subjunctive mood is used in statements that describe hypothetical or conditional situations, dreams, wishes, desires, or doubts. It is also used in specific command situations, such as in making a request or suggestion.

Question 15

What is the past subjunctive form of the verb “to be”?

Answer 15

“Were” or “were” and an infinitive

“If” clauses that describe hypothetical situations must use the subjunctive mood. “were” is often used in sentence about hypothetical situations.

Ex.
If he WERE an experienced pilot, he would be aware that landing in such conditions is challenging.

Bankruptcy could be avoided if the city WERE TO MANAGE its finances better.

Question 16

What is command subjunctive used for?

Answer 16

Command situations. Consists of the BASE form of the verb, which is the infinitive of the verb without “to.” Use the command subjunctive of “to be”, which is “be,” rather than the conjugated form of “to be,” which is “are”.

Ex.
I DEMAND THAT you BE respectful at dinner tonight

I INSIST THAT he RESPECT me at dinner tonight.

Question 17

What are the two main types of conditional sentences?

Answer 17

1. Conditional sentences about conditions and consequences that may be actual in the present of future.
2. Conditional sentences about conditions and consequences that are hypothetical.

Question 18

A conditional sentence about a condition and a consequence that may be actual in the present of future uses what mood?

Answer 18

The sentence uses the indicative mood in both the dependent clause about the condition and the main clause about the consequences.

Ex.

If that boat IS REPAIRED, it WILL BE seaworthy.

The archaeological experts MAY BE able to tell us the purpose of the building if they HAVE SEEN one like it before.

Question 19

What is conditional mood used in?

Answer 19

Conditional mood is used in conditional sentences about conditions and results that are merely hypothetical.

The conditional mood is formed by combining “would” with simple present, present continuous, present perfect, or present perfect continuous verb.

Ex.
IF Ashanti had arrived early, the surprise WOULD HAVE BEEN RUINED.

The clause “the surprise would have been ruined” uses the conditional “would have been ruined” to express a proposition that would be true under the condition “Ashanti had arrived early.”

Question 20

What are two other constructions that may also be used to express hypothetical results of hypothetical conditions?

Answer 20

“Might” + present perfect and “could” + present perfect.

Ex.
If the runner up had prepared a little more for the audition, he MIGHT HAVE GOTTEN the part.

Had they been less concerned about appearances and more concerned about their performance, they COULD HAVE WON.

Question 21

If “was” is used to describe hypothetical situations in which the condition existed in the past, the condition?

Answer 21

May have actually existed.

Ex.
If the city WAS located in this area, of the jungle, then, surely, they WILL FIND the ruins. (Possibly actual situation, describe via the use of the indicative “was” and the indicative “will find”)

Question 22

What is the verb voice active voice?

Answer 22

When the subject of a clause performs the action, the corresponding verb is in the active voice.

Ex. A PhD candidate wrote the paper, which had a controversial premise that earned it a lot of attention in the press.

Question 23

What is the verb voice passive voice?

Answer 23

When the subject of a sentence has an action being done to it, the corresponding verb is in the passive voice. The passive voice is composed of a form of “to be” followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Ex. The paper was written by a PhD candidate, but its controversial premise earned it a lot of attention in the press.

Question 24

What are some use case of passive voice?

Answer 24

1. When we report on findings or scientific research, we typically want to put the person or people doing the research in the background and bring the findings to the forefront.
2. When the action is the result of an event of force of nature. We often place the emphasis on the thing receiving the action, rather than on the doer.
3. When sometimes the doer of an action is unidentified in a sentence, because the doer is either not important or not know.
4. In sentences about the ingredients or contents of something, which use phrases such as “made of,” “made up of,” “composed of,” and “filled with,” preceded by a form of the verb “to be.”