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German > Verb paradigms > Flashcards

Verb paradigms Flashcards

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German Verbs flashcards
1
Q

What is the 1sg Present Tense ending?

A

-e, as in (sagen, anworten):
sage (I say; I am saying)
antworte (I answer; I am answering)

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2
Q

What is the 2sg Present Tense ending?

A

-(e)st, as in (sagen, anworten):
sagst (you say; you are saying)
antwortest (you answer; you are answering)

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3
Q

What is the 3sg Present Tense ending?

A

-(e)t, as in (sagen, anworten):
sagt (he/she/it says; he/she/it is saying)
antwortet (he/she/it answers; he/she/it is answering)

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4
Q

What is the 1pl Present Tense ending?

A

-en, as in (sagen, anworten):
sagen (we say; we are saying)
antworten (we answer; we are answering)

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5
Q

What is the 2pl Present Tense ending?

A

-(e)t, as in (sagen, anworten):
sagt (you say; you are saying)
antwortet (you answer; you are answering)

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6
Q

What is the 3pl/2formal Present Tense ending?

A

-en, as in (sagen, anworten):
sagen (they/you say; they/you are saying)
antworten (they/you answer; they/you are answering)

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7
Q

What is the 1sg Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)te, as in (spielen, antworten):
spielte (I played; I was playing)
antwortete (I answered; I was answering)

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8
Q

What is the 2sg Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)test, as in (spielen, antworten):
spieltest (you played; you were playing)
antwortetest (you answered; you were answering)

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9
Q

What is the 3sg Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)te, as in (spielen, antworten):
spielte (he/she/it played; he/she/it was playing)
antwortete (he/she/it answered; he/she/it was answering)

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10
Q

What is the 1pl Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)ten, as in (spielen, antworten):
spielten (we played; we were playing)
antworteten (we answered; we were answering)

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11
Q

What is the 2pl Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)tet, as in (spielen, antworten):
spieltet (you played; you were playing)
antwortetet (you answered; you were answering)

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12
Q

What is the 3pl/2formal Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-(e)ten, as in (spielen, antworten):
spielten (they/you played; they/you were playing)
antworteten (they/you answered; they/you were answering)

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13
Q

What is the 1sg Strong Simple Past Tense ending?

A

There is no ending, as in (kommen, heißen):
kam (I came; I was coming)
heiß (I called; I was calling)

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14
Q

What is the 2sg Strong Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-st, as in (kommen, heißen):
kamst (you came; you were coming)
heißt (you called; you were calling)

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15
Q

What is the 3sg Strong Simple Past Tense ending?

A

There is no ending, as in (kommen, heißen):
kam (he/she/it came; he/she/it was coming)
heiß (he/she/it called; he/she/it was calling)

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16
Q

What is the 1pl Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-en, as in (kommen, heißen):
kamen (we came; we were coming)
heißen (we called; we were calling)

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17
Q

What is the 2pl Weak Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-t, as in (kommen, heißen):
kamt (you came; you were coming)
heißt (you called; you were calling)

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18
Q

What is the 3pl/2formal Strong Simple Past Tense ending?

A

-en, as in (kommen, heißen):
kamen (they/you came; they/you were coming)
heißen (they/you called; they/you were calling)

19
Q

What happens to the verbal ending -st (2sg) when it follows a noun that ends in a sibilant (-s-, -ß-, -tz-, -z-)?

A

The ‘s’ drops from the verbal ending: -st > -t

20
Q

How is the present perfect constructed?

A

haben/sein (in present tense) + past participle

21
Q

How is the past perfect constructed?

A

haben/sein (in past tense) + past participle

22
Q

What types of German verbs always use haben as the auxiliary verb in the perfect tense?

A

Transitive verbs

23
Q

What types of German verbs prefer sein as the auxiliary verb in the perfect tense?

A

Intransitive verbs, particularly when they indicate motion or state of being

24
Q

For the perfect tense, most German verbs use which auxiliary verb?

A

haben

25
Q

How is continuous action up to and including the present time (i.e., “have been + -ing”) constructed?

A

seit + present tense

26
Q

ge-[stem]-(e)t

What type of verb does this basic pattern reflect?

A

Past Participle

27
Q

How do you construct the past participle for weak verbs whose infinitival forms end in -ieren?

A

Drop the -ieren ending from the stem, add -(e)t ending. There is no ge- prefixed to the stem.

28
Q

How do you construct the past participle for weak verbs with inseparable prefixes?

A

Drop the -en ending from the stem, add -(e)t ending. There is no ge- prefixed to the stem.

29
Q

How do you construct the past participle for weak verbs with separable prefixes?

A

Drop the -en ending from the stem, add -(e)t ending. Insert the -ge- between the separable prefix and the stem.

30
Q

Past participle of strong verbs take what ending?

A

-en

31
Q

For strong verbs, what stem types take the ge- prefix, and where is ge- placed in the respective stem types?

A

Common strong stem: ge-[stem]-en
Separable prefix stem: [prefix]-ge-[stem]-en

Stems with inseparable prefixes do not take ge-

32
Q

How do you construct the future tense?

A

werden (present tense) + infinitive

33
Q

How do you construct a modal future tense?

A

werden (present tense) + infinitive + modal (infinitive)

34
Q

How do you construct the future perfect tense?

A

werden (present tense) + past participle + haben/sein (infinitive)

35
Q

How do you construct the passive present?

A

werden (present tense) + past participle

36
Q

How do you construct the passive simple past?

A

werden (past tense) + past participle

37
Q

How do you construct the passive present perfect?

A

sein (present tense) + past participle + werden (past participle: worden)

38
Q

How do you construct the passive past perfect?

A

sein (past tense) + past participle + werden (past participle: worden)

39
Q

How do you construct the passive future?

A

werden (present tense) + past participle + werden (infinitive)

40
Q

How do you construct the passive modal present?

A

modal (present tense) + past participle + werden (infinitive)

41
Q

How do you construct the passive modal past?

A

modal (past tense) + past participle + werden (infinitive)

42
Q

How do you construct the passive modal future?

A

werden (present) + past participle + werden (infinitive) + modal (infinitive)

43
Q

How do you construct the present passive infinitive?

A

past participle + werden (infinitive)

44
Q

How do you construct the present participle?

A

Add -d to the end of the infinitive

German (9 decks)

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