Vents Flashcards
What are the indications for Mechanical Ventilation?
8 reasons
Inadequate Oxygen Delivery Inadequate CO2 clearance Increased work of breathing Impending respiratory failure Chest injury Surgery Airway protection Apnea
What are the complications for Mechanical Ventilation?
8 reasons
Hemodynamic compromise (major reason) Infection Volutrauma, barotrauma, biotrauma, Atelectrauma Impaired nutrition Artificial airway obstruction Ventilator associated Pneumonia Tracheal erosion/pressure ulcers Aspiration
What are 2 things that can aid in CO2 elimination?
Increases in Tidal Volume
increase in Respiratory rate
in turn,
increases in Minute Ventilaion
What factors can affect Oxygenation?
Fio2
PEEP
Mean Airway Pressure (MAP)
What factor that affects oxygenation, has the most rapid effect?
Fio2
How does PEEP affect oxygenation?
Keeps Alveoli open during expiration increasing time for oxygen to perfuse. It also over time, can use collateral ventilation to open previously collapsed alveoli.
What does PEEP increase with regards to lung volumes?
increases FRC
Resistance depends on what factors?
Diameter of the Airway
Length of the Airway
What factors can increase Airway resistance?
Asthma or any kind of occlution (mucous, tumor, nodule)
During PRESSURE Ventilation…
PRESSURE is constant and VOLUME varies
During VOLUME Ventilation…
Volume is CONSTANT and Pressure VARIES
What is an advantage to volume ventilation?
More stable ventilation
What are advantages to pressure ventilation?
Typically can ventilate with a lower PIP
Most of the volume is delivered at beginning of breath – may lead to better distribution of gas
Increased MAP – can increase oxygenation
Disadvantage to Pressure Ventilation
As resistance or compliance changes, the same amount of pressure not create the same tidal volume. affecting ventilation.
Starting Vent setting.
Vt: 8 ml per Kg Rate: 10-20 Bpm Insp time: 0.8-1.2 Flow: 40-60 Lpm Peep: 5 cm H20 Fi02: 1.0 or 100% Trigger: -2 to -3 cm H20 or 3-5 Lpm
