ventilation calculations definitions Flashcards
pulmonary ventilation
the total volume of air that is moved into the lungs in one minute (dm3 min-1)
what is the equation for pulmonary ventilation?
pulmonary ventilation = tidal volume (dm3) x ventilation rate (min-1)
tidal volume
the volume of air in each breath
(between 0.4dm3 and 0.5dm3 for adults)
ventilation rate
the number of breaths per minute (normally = 15)
forced expiratory volume (FEV)
the maximum volume of air that can be breathed out in 1 second
forced vital capacity (FVC)
the maximum volume of air it is possible to breath forcefully out of the lungs after a really deep breath in
how can volume be measured
1dm3 = 1000cm3 = 1 litre
units for magnification
metres (m)→ millimetres (mm)→ micrometres (μm) → nanometres (nm)
multiply or divide by 1000 between each stage
inspiratory reserve volume
the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal tidal volume
(used during deep breathing)
expiratory reserve volume
the additional amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after normal exhalation
residual volume
the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum forceful expiration
(volume of the air that cannot be expired as it keeps the alveoli open at all times)
if this moves out lungs, alveolus stick together decrease SA, no efficient gas exchange
functional residual capacity
the volume in the lungs at the end of passive expiration
minute ventilation rate/ pulmonary ventilation
measure of the volume of air inspired per minute
how is the minute ventilation rate calculated?
minute ventilation rate (VE) = tidal volume x ventilation rate
pulmonary ventilation rate (PVR)
PVR = tidal volume x breathing rate
