Ventilation Flashcards
What is vital capacity?
The maximum volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled
What is residual volume?
The volume of oxygen that remains in the lungs after exhaling
What is tidal volume?
The average volume of air that’s inhaled or exhaled
What is breathing rate?
The number of breaths a person takes in a one minute
What is oxygen uptake?
The amount of oxygen a subject consumes
What instrument is used to measure ventilation rate?
Spirometer
What does a complete wave signify on a spirometer?
A complete breath
What are the 3 muscles involved in ventilation?
-external intercostal muscles
-internal intercostal muscles
-diaphragm
What words describe the relationship in which the external and internal intercostal muscles work?
Antagonistic
What words describe the relationship in which the external and internal intercostal muscles work?
Antagonistic
What is the agonist muscle in inhalation and does it contract or relax?
-external intercostal muscles
-contracts
What is the antagonist muscle in inhalation and does it contract or relax?
-internal intercostal muscles
-relaxes
What is the agonist in exhalation and does it contract or relax?
-internal intercostal muscles
-contracts
What is the antagonist in exhalation and does it contract or relax?
-external intercostal muscles
- relaxes
In order, name the path the oxygen takes when inhaled
Trachea,bronchi,bronchioles,alveoli
Why does the trachea have cartilage rings surrounding it and why are these rings a “C” shape?
-to provide support to the trachea
-to allow the trachea to expand during exercise for increased volume of oxygen to pass through
What is the name of the cartilage that supports the trachea?
Hyaline cartilage
What is the name of the ligaments that connect the “C” shaped cartilage together?
Trachealis muscles
-What is the name of the cells that line the trachea?
-Describe it
-ciliated pseudo striated epithelium
-a single squamous (single and thin) layer of cells
Why is it important for the alveoli to have a high surface area?
Increased rate of diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Aside from a high surface area, what else makes the alveoli an efficient exchange surface?
-short diffusion distance(one cell thick)
-steep concentration gradient that is maintained through ventilation and blood flow
What is the law that allows ventilation to work and what does the law state?
-Boyles law
-the relationship between volume and pressure is inversely proportional
