vent Flashcards
also called as the “Waste Waterline system”
, which primarily responsible in properly
disposing waste water towards its point of disposal i.e. septic tank, public sewer line.
-composed of three subsystems which are responsible in the over-all function of the
waste waterline system
Drain-Waste Vent System (DWV System)
TRUE OR FALSE
Vent pipes supply fresh air to each plumbing fixture in the house, which
helps the system move water through the drainage pipes each time a toilet is flushed ora sink is drained.
TRUE
This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in discharging grey waste water from sinks, lavatories, floor drains, etc.
Drainage System
This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in discharging black waste water from water closets.
Waste Collection System
This system of pipes and fixtures is primarily responsible in ensuring that
adequate air is circulated inside the waste waterline system and that enough pressure is generated to pull and push these waste-water towards its point of disposal i.e. septic tank, public sewer line.
Ventilation System
Receives the discharged waste material
DRAIN/FLOOR DRAIN
A fitting or device that provides a liquid seal which prevents the
backflow of foul air inside the building. It traps the air inside the
pipes.
TRAP
Any part of the piping system other than the
main, riser, or stack. These pipes are
connected to various fixtures which
discharges waste-water.
BRANCH PIPES/BRANCH LINE
A vertical main pipe of a system extending through one or more
stories and/or extended through the roof.
STACK
This type of pipe only conveys waste-water or liquid waste
free of any fecal matter
WASTE PIPE
This type of pipe conveys waste water which includes fecal
matter
SOIL PIPE
This type of pipe is used for ensuring the circulation of air and
relieving negative pressure exerted on trap seals in the system
VENT PIPE
are used to ensure the circulation of air in a
plumbing system and for relieving the negative
pressure exerted on trap seals.
Ventilation Pipes
This collects and discharges wastes from the adjacently connected soil pipes down to the soil pipes directly connected to the septic tank.
SOIL STACK
This is the backbone of the entire sanitary system.
MAIN SOIL AND WASTE VENT
This is also known as collecting line vent which serves as support to the main soil and waste vent. The principal artery of the venting system of which vent branches are connected.
MAIN VENT
A pipe installed to vent a fixture trap, that connects with the vent system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air.
INDIVIDUAL VENT OR BACK BENT
An arrangement of venting so installed that one vent pipe still serves
two traps.
UNIT VEBNT OR COMMON VENT OR DUAL VE NT
A vertical vent line that provides additional circulation of air between the drainage and vent systems.
RELIEF VENT
A pipe connecting
upward from a soil or
waste stack below the
floor and below horizontal
connection to an adjacent
vent stack at a point
above the floor and
higher than the highest
spill level of fixtures for
preventing pressure
changes in the stacks.
YOKE VENT OR BY-PASS VENT
A group vent pipe which starts in front of the
extreme (highest) fixture connection on a
horizontal branch and connects to the vent
stack.
CIRCUIT VENT
A vertical vent connection on a horizontal soil or
waste pipe branch at a point downstream of the last
fixture connection and turning to a horizontal line
above the highest overflow level of the highest
fixture connected there.
LOOPED VENT
The portion of a vent
pipe through which
waste water also
flows through.
WET VENT
A pipe used to
convey foul odors
from a fixture or
room.
LOCAL VENT
This is used for
basement or
underground
public restroom
wherein a vent
stack may not be
possible to extend
three meters above
the ground, as it
may constitute a
hazard and is
unsightly.
UTILITY VENT
A vent that does not carry liquid or water-borne wastes
DRY VENT
The extension of a soil or waste stack
above the highest horizontal drain
connected to the stack.
STACK VENT
The vertical vent pipe installed primarily for providing
circulation of air to and from any part of the soil, waste
of the drainage system. The uppermost end above the
roof has traditionally been referred to as Vent Stack
Through Roof (VSTR)
VENT STACK
in the pipes is a must in a piping system especially those
that are intended for waste water disposal.
Ventilation
TRUE OR FALSE
Based on the Revised National Plumbing Code of the Philippines,
ventilation is required for each trap such that each trap shall be
protected against siphonage and back-pressure through venting.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Ventilation is not required for those traps serving sinks which are
part of the equipment of bars, soda fountains, and counters, need not
be vented when the location and construction of such bars, soda
fountains, and counters makes it impossible to do so.
TRUE
Size of Vents
The diameter of an individual vent
shall not be less than 32 mm
(1-1/4”) nor less in size than
one-half (1/2) the diameter of
the drain to which it is
connected.
TRUE OR FALSE
All horizontal or branch vents shall be free
from drops or sags
TRUE
Each vent shall rise vertically ___
mm above the highest level rim of the fixtures
served before offsetting horizontally.
152
Each vent opening shall terminate:
- Not less than 3.00 m from any openable window
- Not less than 0.90 m above any openable window
- Not less than 0.90 m away from any lot line, alley
and street boundary lines
exists when the water seal is removed
due to direct application of the
aforementioned pressure conditions.
Direct Siphonage
due to the pressure induced by the
waste water discharges form the upper
waste water pipes to the waste water pipe
directly below it.
Momentum Siphonage
exists when excessive pressure is
pushed out from within the waste
pipe which makes the trap seal to be
pushed out of the trap, as well.
Backpressure
in its literal sense, defines the ability
of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces which
can be primarily attributed to the liquids
surface tension existing between these
narrow spaces.
Capillary Action
A common private sewage disposal system found in most residential houses and buildings. A watertight covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the discharge of sewage from a building sewer, separate solids from the liquid, digest organic matter and store digested solids through a period of detention, and allow the clarified liquids to discharge for final disposal.
SEPTIC TANK
the solid organic matter that are denser
than water and settle at the bottom
of the septic tank.
SLUDGE
lighter organic material that rise
to the surface of the water.
SCUM
the liquid content of sewage typically
found in between the sludge at the bottom
and the scum at the top.
EFFLUENT
the liquid content of sewage typically
found in between the sludge at the bottom
and the scum at the top.
EFFLUENT
in a septic tank relies in oxygen to survive.
AEROBIC BACTERIA
can survive in a septic tank without oxygen
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA
should show all
dimensions, reinforcing,
structural calculations,
and other pertinent data, as
needed
PLANS
it shall be such as to produce a
clarified effluent of acceptable
standards and shall provide
adequate space for sludge and
scum accumulations
QUALITY OF DESIGN
it shall be constructed of durable
materials, not subject to excessive
corrosion or decay, and shall be
watertight
MATERIALS
IT SHALL HAVE A MINIMUM OF TWO COMPARTMENTS
Compartments
IT SHALL NOT BE LESS THAN TWO-THIRDS CAPACITY OF THE TOTAL
CAPACITY OF TANK NOT LESS THAN 2M3 LIQUID CAPACITY;SHALL BE AT LEAST 0.9M WIDTH AND 1.5M LONG; LIQUID DEPTH NOT LESS THAN 0.6M NOR MORE THAN 1.8M
First Compartment
IT SHALL HAVE A MAXIMUM OF ONE-THIRDS OF THE TOTAL
CAPACITY OF THE TANK; MINIMUM OF 1M3 LIQUID CAPACITY
Second Compartment
shallhave a diameter size not less than
the sewer pipe. The vertical legs of
inlet and outlet pipes shall have a
diameter size not less than the
sewer pipe nor less than 104.6mm
SIZE OF PIPE INLET AND OUTLET
The inlet and outlet pipe shall
extend 101.6mm above and at least
304.8mm below the water surface.
The invert of the inlet pipe shall be
at a level not less than 50.8mm
above the invert of the outlet pipe.
LENGTH AND LOCATION OF INLET
AND OUTLET
The side walls shall extend
228.6mm above liquid depth.
The cover of septic tank shall
be at least 50.8mm above the
back vent openings.
AIR SPACE
An inverted fitting equivalent in
size to the tank inlet, but in no case
less than 104.6mm in diameter,
shall be installed in the inlet
compartment side of the baffle
with the bottom of the fitting
placed midway in the depth of the
liquid. Wooden baffles are
prohibited
PARTITION
Its_____ shall be capable of
supporting an earth load of not less
than 14.4kPa
STRUCTURE
The capacity of septic tanks is
determined by the number of
bedrooms or apartment units in
dwelling occupancies;
by the estimated waste/sewage
design flow rate for various building
occupancies; or by the number of
fixture units of all plumbing fixtures;
whichever is greater.
CAPACITY
It should not be located underneath
the house; at least 1.5m from the
building/structure; at least 1.5m
from property line adjoining a
private property; at least 15.20m
away from the nearest water supply
well or water streams i.e. river, and;
at least 3m from nearby trees
LOCATION
three degrees or grades of waste water
Grey water, Black water, storm water
are used which functions as an underground conduit for carrying off drainage
water and waste matter.
SEWERS
also known as collecting sewers, receives sewage flow from a
number of branching sewer lines and conducts these waste water
to a specific treatment plant.
INTERCEPTING SEWERS
placed at certain intervals and pumps or sewage ejectors are used to lift the waste from one lower end to its adjacent higher end to maintain continuity of sewage flow; sewers terminate at the disposal plant or treatment plant.
LIFTING STATIONS
STORM WATER
SYSTEM
Natural System. Independent System, Combined System
is a waste water that is made up of rainwater. Aside from
the typical drainage system discharging waste water from
various fixtures inside a building, storm water drainage is used
to properly discharge rainwater from the building’s roof or roof
decks.
Storm Water
a storm water system that only involves roofs
to divert rainwater towards the ground without
using any roof gutters or downspouts, typically
used when rainwater are collected in cisterns
NATURAL SYSTEM
also known as the separate system, his
brings collected rainwater directly to its
water reservoirs or a public storm drainage
line outside the building
INDEPENDENT SYSTEM
in this storm water piping system, both
storm water with sanitary wastes are collected
and discharged in a public sewer line this is
prohibited since it mixes up both grey, black,
and storm water within its pipes
COMBINED SYSTEM
it is usually located along the entire perimeter
of the roof to collect rainwater
GUTTER
it is located every eight to ten meters and at
every corner of the roof, but to avoid clogging
of pipes, it is best to locate them every four to
six meters
DOWNSPROUT
it is located every eight to ten meters and at
every corner of the roof, but to avoid clogging
of pipes, it is best to locate them every four to
six meters
DOWNSPROUT
it is used to prevent clogging of
pipes
STRAINER OR ROOF DRAIN
it is the end point of the downspout which discharges
storm water from the downspout to its adjacent catch basin
or the soil ground
SHOE
a storm water drain which collects rainwater from
the roof through downspouts
CATCH BASIN
a series of pipes which connects each catch basin
and transports its waste water to its intended public
sewer line through a system of underground piping
STORM LINE
WATER SUPPLY
PIPE SIZE
CALCULATION
STEP 1: REQUIRED DATA
STEP 2: REQUIRED
PRESSURE AT THE FIXTURE
STEP 3: LOSS IN STATIC PRESSURE
STEP 4: PRESSURE LOSS IN WATER METER
STEP 5: PRESSURE AVAILABLE IN WATER SUPPLY PIPES
STEP 6: DEVELOPED LENGTH
OF WATER SUPPLY PIPES
STEP 7: TOTAL EQUIVALENT LENGTH OF
WATER SUPPLY PIPES
STEP 8: AVERAGE PERMISSIBLE FRICTION LOSS
STEP 9: APPROXIMATE PIPE SIZE
