venous and lymphatic disease Flashcards
where is the sole of the foot drained into?
short saphenous vein, which goes up posterior aspect of calf and and drains into popliteal vein
where is the sole of the foot drained into?
short saphenous vein, which goes up posterior aspect of calf and and drains into popliteal vein
what is the deep venous system made of?
tibial, femoral and popliteal vein
uses the calf muscle to squeeze the popliteal vein to push it up
what are varicose veins and what are they due to?
enlargement of the veins due to malfunction of the valves, resulting in pooling.
superficial venous insufficiency
what are some of the causes of valve disease?
pregnancy (hormonal and uterus sitting on the deep iliac veins causing back pressure onto system)
tumours (pressure)
trauma
what is chronic venous insufficiency?
when it occurs over time and it is involved in both deep and superficial system
what does the superficial venous system consist of?
short and long saphenous veins
where does the dorsal aspect of the foot drain into?
long saphenous vein
what do the perforating veins do?
transport blood from superficial to deep venous system
what are symptomatic venous disease?
pain, infection, ulcers, swelling, and bleeding
how do you perform the Trendelenburg test?
lay patient flat on examination table, then raise leg above the level of the heart and press the saphenofemoral junction, ask the patient to stand and see if the vein fills
if it does not fill when junction occluded, then likely to be where the incompetent valve(s) lies
what part of the clinical manifestation section of CEAP is important to know?
C4 - changes in skin and subcutaneous tissue secondary to chronic venous disease
what are some of the skin changes seen from venous insufficiency?
due to calf pump failure
causes oedema, eczema, ulceration
how is deep venous insufficiency treated?
conservatively (no surgery), done with compression bandaging and elevation.
this allows reduction in oedema and ends the cycle of chronic venous insufficiency (look back over it)
what can be used to treat superficial venous disease (saphenous vein diseases)?
endovenous treatment, uses a wire to heat up the tissues of the vein then both the sides stick together, sealing it off (use local anaesthetic, painful procedure as it is very hot).
treatment useless unless compression bandaging is put on afterwards.
