Venn diagrams

Question 1

What is a syllogism?

Answer 1

A syllogism is an argument with 2 premises and a conclusion

Question 2

What is a categorical proposition?

Answer 2

A categorical proposition is a proposition that asserts or denies all or some of the members of one category belong to another

Question 3

What is a categorical syllogism?

Answer 3

A categorical syllogism is a syllogism where the premises and conclusion are categorical propositions

Question 4

What is a quantifier?

Answer 4

A quantifier is the term that describes how many of something (e.g. ALL cats)

Question 5

What is a minor term?

Answer 5

A minor term is the term that occurs first in the conclusion

Question 6

What is a major term?

Answer 6

A major term is the term that occurs second in the conclusion

Question 7

What is a predicate term?

Answer 7

A perdicate term is the term that occurs second in the conclusion

Question 8

What is a subject term?

Answer 8

A subject term is the term that occurs first in the conclusion

Question 9

What is a middle term?

Answer 9

A middle term is the term that appears in both premises, but not in the conclusion

Question 10

What are the 4 forms in a categorical syllogism?

Answer 10

A, E, I, O

Question 11

What does the form A mean?

Answer 11

All S are P

Question 12

What does the form E mean?

Answer 12

No S are P

Question 13

What does the form I mean?

Answer 13

Some S are P

Question 14

What does the from O mean?

Answer 14

Some S are not P

Question 15

When making a Venn diagram, which circle represents the major term?

Answer 15

Bottom right

Question 16

When making a Venn diagram, which circle represents the minor term?

Answer 16

Bottom left

Question 17

When making a Venn diagram, which circle represents the middle term?

Answer 17

Top

Question 18

Which sections of a Venn diagram are shaded for the mood AII?

Answer 18

Sections 1 and 2 shaded, x in section 3

Question 19

What does an x in a Venn diagram mean?

Answer 19

Some

Question 20

How can you tell an argument is valid using a Venn diagram?

Answer 20

If the shaded diagram correctly represents the premises and conclusion

Question 21

What is an informal fallacy?

Answer 21

An informal fallacy is a logical mistake that cannot be shown to be invalid using a Venn diagram or truth table

Question 22

What is an abusive ad hominem?

Answer 22

An insult in place of a proposition (e.g. your opinion doesn’t matter because you suck)

Question 23

What is a circumstantial ad hominem?

Answer 23

Assuming that someone’s views are a function of their position (e.g. CEO says the company needs to raise their prices, but of course he would say that)

Question 24

What is a tu quoque?

Answer 24

Pointing out that a critic does exactly what they are criticizing you for (e.g. you say we should study hard, but you don’t study hard)

Question 25

What is an appeal to force?

Answer 25

A threat instead of evidence (e.g. nice business, it would be a shame if something happened to it. We sell insurance”

Question 26

What is an appeal to pity?

Answer 26

Arguing that we should do or believe something just because someone will be unhappy otherwise (e.g. We should hire them because they really need the money)

Question 27

What is an appeal to populatiry?

Answer 27

Saying we should do or believe something because lots of others do (e.g. It’s the most popular religion, so it must be true)

Question 28

What is an accident?

Answer 28

Taking a widespread truth too far (e.g. turkeys are birds, so who would’ve thought they can’t fly)

Question 29

What is a hasty generalization?

Answer 29

Making a statistical generalization without using a representative sample (e.g. My friend doesnt like politician X so everyone must hate them)