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VASC 4 > Velocities > Flashcards

Velocities Flashcards

1
Q

How are the contralateral ACA velocities affected in the presence of crossover/right to left?

A

> 150% increase

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2
Q

How does the ACA flow change in cross over?

A

Ipsilateral ACA will become antegrade (reversed).

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3
Q

How are MCA velocities affected during compression in crossover?

A

MCA will decrease with contralateral compression

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4
Q

How does the ophthalmic flow change in external to internal?

A

Ipsilateral will become retrograde (reversed)

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5
Q

How does ipsilateral compression of the ECA affect the ophthalmic in external to internal?

A

Reduction, obliteration or reversal of flow

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6
Q

How is the flow in the ipsilateral PCA changed in posterior to anterior?

A

PCA will exceed MCA by 125%

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7
Q

How does compression of the CCA affect the velocities in posterior to anterior?

A

Increased velocities

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8
Q

If both vertebrals are diseased, how is the basilar affected?

A

Reduced velocity or to and fro.

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9
Q

How high can velocities be with an AV malformation?

A

280

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10
Q

What should the MCA be during clamping of the carotid artery during surgery?

A

> 10 cm/sec is adequate

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11
Q

Where does Subarachnoid Hemorrhage occur?

A

Between arachnoid and pia layers of cerebrum

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12
Q

What is vasospasm?

A

Spasm of cerebral arteries (complication of SAH) that can reduce perfusion

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13
Q

What MCA vel during a vasospasm is a reaction to documented hemhorrage?

A

> 120

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14
Q

What MCA vel increase during a vasospasm indicates poor prognosis?

A

Increase >20 per day

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15
Q

What MCA vel during a vasospasm is a critical reduction in blood flow?

A

> 200

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16
Q

How does systolic flow change with brain death?

A

Decreases to no flow

17
Q

If there is no change to the peripheral vascular beds with CO2 (functional reserve testing/vasomotor reactivity test) what does this mean?

A

They are already max dilated (exhausting vasomotor reserve)

18
Q

What is sickle cell anemia? (SSA)

A

Defect of hemoglobin synthesis (africans/south europeans/ asian) sickle shaped RBC’s clump together

19
Q

How often do children with SSA have strokes?

A

2-20%

20
Q

Criteria for emboli detection? (3)

A
  • <300msec
  • Unidirectional
  • Snap or chirp on audible
21
Q

What angulation interrogates MCA, Cav ICA, ACA and ACCA in the trans temp window?

A

Anterior 6 degrees

22
Q

What angulation interrogates PCA, basilar, and PCCA in the trans temp window?

A

Posterior 5 degrees

23
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity MCA?

A

3-6 cm
Towards
55 cm/sec

24
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity MCA/ACA bifur?

A

5.5 - 6.5
Bi-directional
50 cm/sec

25
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity ACA

A

6-8
Away
50 cm/sec

26
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity ACCA?

A

7 cm
Direction depends on collateralization
Velocity ?

27
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity PCA 1?

A

6-7
Towards
40

28
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity PCA 2?

A

6.5-7
Away
40

29
Q

Transtemporal depth, direction, velocity ICA?

A

5.5-6.5
Towards
39 cm/sec

30
Q

Transorbital depth, direction, velocity OA?

A

4 - 6 cm
Towards
21 cm/sec

31
Q

Transorbital depth, direction, velocity supraclinoid?

A

5.5-8
Away
41 cm/sec

32
Q

Transorbital depth, direction, velocity genu?

A

5.5-8
Bi-directional
Varies

33
Q

Transorbital depth, direction, velocity parastellar?

A

5.5-8
Towards
47

34
Q

Suboccipital depth, direction, velocity vertebral?

A

6 - 9 cm
Away
38

35
Q

Suboccipital depth, direction, velocity basilar?

A

8 - 12
Away
41

36
Q

Submandibular depth, direction, velocity extradural distal ICA and siphon?

A

8 cm
Away
30 cm/sec

VASC 4 (6 decks)

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