vegetative terms

Question 1

annual

Answer 1

living for one year or less

Question 2

biennial

Answer 2

living for two years, typically flowering and fruiting the second year

Question 3

perennial

Answer 3

living for three years or more

Question 4

caducous

Answer 4

applied to plant parts which fall off early or prematurely

Question 5

deciduous

Answer 5

plants which shed all their leaves at the end of each growing season; also applied to plant parts never without some leaves

Question 6

evergreen

Answer 6

remaining green during the dormant season, the plants never without some leaves

Question 7

marescent

Answer 7

(leaves) withering or fading, but remaining attached

Question 8

persistent

Answer 8

(leaves) remaining attached and unwithered

Question 9

acaulescent

Answer 9

more or less stemless, the stem often subterranean

Question 10

caulescent

Answer 10

aerial stem or stems evident

Question 11

clambering

Answer 11

spreading over undergrowth or objects, usually without the aid of twining stems or tendrils

Question 12

decumbent

Answer 12

stems lying upon the ground, but with their ends turned up

Question 13

vine

Answer 13

herbaceous plant with elongate, flexible, non-self-supporting stems

Question 14

liana

Answer 14

woody plant with elongate, flexible, non-self-supporting stems

Question 15

prostrate (procumbent)

Answer 15

lying flat on the ground; typically without adventitious roots

Question 16

shrubs

Answer 16

woody perennials with more than one principal stem arising from the ground

Question 17

subshrub (suffruticose)

Answer 17

plants woody at the base, but herbaceous above

Question 18

trees

Answer 18

woody perennials with a single main stem or trunk

Question 19

adventitious

Answer 19

those roots which arise from any point other than as a portion of the primary root system

Question 20

aerial roots

Answer 20

those roots occurring above ground

Question 21

fibrous

Answer 21

a root system in which all of the roots are of about the same size so that none is clearly dominant, as in many monocots

Question 22

subterranean

Answer 22

roots occurring below the ground

Question 23

tap

Answer 23

a root system in which one root is clearly larger than the others, as in many dicots

Question 24

tuberous

Answer 24

a tap root which is particularly large and fleshy; not clearly delimited from the tap root

Question 25

stolon

Answer 25

an above-ground horizontal stem, often rooting at the nodes, which bears ordinary foliage leaves

Question 26

tendril

Answer 26

a twining stem, either terminal or arising from the axil of a leaf; tendrils may also be of leaf origin

Question 27

thorn

Answer 27

a sharp-pointed stem, either simple or branched

Question 28

spine

Answer 28

modified stem (cactus)d

Question 29

prickle

Answer 29

modified epidermis

Question 30

bulb

Answer 30

an upright series of fleshy overlapping leaf bases attached to a small basal stem, as in the onion

Question 31

corm

Answer 31

an upright, hard or fleshy stem surrounded by dry scaly leaves, as in the gladiolus “bulb”

Question 32

rhizome

Answer 32

a subterranean horizontal stem with reduced scaly leaves, as in many grasses

Question 33

tuber

Answer 33

an enlarged fleshy tip of an underground stem, as in the Irish potato

Question 34

petiole

Answer 34

the stalk which supports the lamina; if missing, the leaf is sessiled

Question 35

stipules

Answer 35

a pair of appendages located at the bade of the petiole where it joins the stem; often short-lived and seen only as stipule scars; if not formed, the leaf is exstipulate

Question 36

fascicled

Answer 36

clustered

Question 37

opposite

Answer 37

two leaves at one node

Question 38

whorled

Answer 38

three or more leaves at one node

Question 39

alternate

Answer 39

one leaf per node

Question 40

parallel

Answer 40

parallel veins

Question 41

pinnate

Answer 41

feathered veins

Question 42

palmate

Answer 42

veins originate from the base of blade and branch out