Vasodilators

Question 1

Nipride MOA

Answer 1

Decreases Preload, Afterload and Peripheral vascular resistance by metabolism to Nitric Oxide

Question 2

Nipride Dose

Answer 2

Starting Dose: 0.5 mcg/kg/min
Rarely exceeds 3 mcg /kg/min
Max 10 mcg/kg/min for no more then 10-15 min

Question 3

Nipride respiratory

Answer 3

May Increase Dead Space R/T decrease pulmonary artery pressure

Question 4

Nipride administration

Answer 4

Mixed in D5
Protected from light R/T decomposition
Always use a pump and have an A line

Question 5

Nipride Duration

Answer 5

1-3 min after drug termination

Question 6

Nipride Uses

Answer 6

Emergent BP control
Hypotensive techniques
Treatment of pulmonary edema

Question 7

Nipride Onset

Answer 7

Seconds

Question 8

Nipride can cause??

Answer 8

Cyanide Toxicity: Tachyphylaxis
Methemoglobinemia
Increased ICP
Metabolic Acidosis

Question 9

Cyanide Toxicity Treatment?

Answer 9

3% Sodium Nitrate– 5 mg/kg over 5 min
Methylene Blue 1-2 mg/kg of 1% solution over 5 min (SPO2 will not work while administering)
Sodium Thiosulfate 150 mg/ kg over 15 min

Question 10

Nitroglycerine use to treat?

Answer 10

Angina, HTN, MI ischemia,

Question 11

Nitroglycerine MOA?

Answer 11

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle with venous pooling

Question 12

Nitroglycerine metabolized to?

Answer 12

NO (Nitric Oxide) a potent vasodilator

Question 13

Nitroglycerine cardiac effects

Answer 13

Decreases Preload
Decreases L end-diastolic pressure
Decreases myocardial O2 demand
Increases endocardial perfusion

Question 14

Nitroglycerine other effects

Answer 14

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, uterine relaxation, and relaxation of the sphincter of oddi

Question 15

Nitroglycerine special concerns

Answer 15

Glass bottle, special tubing and can cause headaches.

Not as potent as Nipride

Question 16

Nitroglycerine Dose

Answer 16

0.5-10 mcg/kg/min
Small boluses of 50 mcg if BP is high
SL dose 0.4 mg peaks in 4 min

Question 17

Hydralazine MOA

Answer 17

Actually unknown it may work on Nitric Oxide or K+ Channels causing arterial smooth muscle relaxation

Question 18

Hydralazine Side Effects

Answer 18

Tachycardia (good choice for hypertensive bradycardic Pts

Question 19

Hydralazine Dose

Answer 19

5-20 mg

Question 20

Hydralazine Onset

Answer 20

up to 15 min

Question 21

Hydralazine Duration

Answer 21

2-4 hours

Question 22

Hydralazine use

Answer 22

Used in Pregnancy Induce HTN

Question 23

Mixing Hydralazine

Answer 23

20 mg per cc. mix with 3 cc NS in a 5 cc syringe. Each cc = 5 mg

Question 24

Adenosine MOA

Answer 24

Potent vasodilator effecting the afterload

Question 25

Adenosine use

Answer 25

Used for controlled hypotension at a dose of 60-120 mcg/kg/min

Question 26

Adenosine is approved by the FDA for_____ only

Answer 26

SVT

Question 27

Adenosine SVT dosing

Answer 27

1st dose 6mg
2nd Dose 12 mg
NO 3rd dose anymore

Question 28

Adenosine can cause

Answer 28

Coronary steal in CAD

Question 29

Adenosine is competitively antagonized by?

Answer 29

Aminophylline

Question 30

Choosing an Antihypertensive consider

Answer 30

Preload
Afterload
Contractility
HR
Heart Rhythm
BP ( specifically MAP)