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TCD 23 - Glomerulonephritis and PKD > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

What are classed as large vessel vasculitis’?

A
  • GCA

- Takayasu arteritis

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2
Q

What are classed as medium vessel vasculitis’?

A
  • Polyarteritis nodosa

- Kawasaki disease

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3
Q

What are classed as small vessel vasculitis’?

A

ANCA associated

  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
  • Microscopic polyangiitis

Immune complex associated

  • Anti GBM disease (goodpastures)
  • IgA vasculitis (HSP)
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4
Q

What does giant cell arteritis most commonly affect?

A

Aorta and its major branches

- Commonly affects temporal artery

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5
Q

What is the epidemiology for giant cell arteritis?

A
  • > 50yrs
  • Female
  • Northern Europe
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6
Q

What are the clinical features of giant cell arteritis?

A
  • New onset headache
  • Tenderness over temporal arteries/scalp
  • Diminished temporal artery pulsations
  • Jaw claudication
  • Visual disturbances
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7
Q

What condition is associated with giant cell arteritis?

A

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

- Pain/stiffness and inflammation in muscles around shoulder and hip

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8
Q

What does Takayasu arteritis most commonly affect?

A

Aorta +/or its major branches

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9
Q

What is the epidemiology for Takayasu arteritis?

A
  • <40yrs

- Women>Men

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10
Q

What are the clinical features of Takayasu arteritis?

A
  • ‘Pulseless disease’
  • Upper extremities claudication
  • Different BP in upper extremities
  • HTN
  • Carotidynia
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11
Q

What are the possible complications of Takayasu arteritis?

A
  • Stenosis
  • Occlusion
  • Aneurysm
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12
Q

How do you investigate Takayasu arteritis?

A
  • Increased ESR and CRP

- Angiogram

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13
Q

How do you manage Takayasu arteritis?

A

Steroids

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14
Q

What is polyarteritis nodosa associated with?

A

Hepatitis B

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15
Q

What are the clinical features of polyarteritis nodosa?

A
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Mononeuritis multiplex
  • Livedo reticularis
  • Renal HTN
  • GI pain
  • Unilateral orchitis
  • Cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules
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16
Q

How do you investigate polyarteritis nodosa?

A
  • Increased ESR and CRP
  • HBsAg
  • Angiogram
17
Q

How do you manage polyarteritis nodosa?

A
  • Corticosteroids

- Cyclophosphamide

18
Q

What does kawasaki disease have a preference for?

A

Coronary artery

19
Q

What is the epidemiology of kawasaki disease?

A
  • Peak incidence 5yrs
  • Males>Females
  • Japanese children
20
Q

What are the clinical features of kawasaki disease?

A

Fever >5 days + 4/5 of: CRASH and BURN
C - Conjunctivitis
R - Rash -> polymorphus exanthem
A - Adenopathy -> cervical lymphadenopathy
S - Strawberry tongue -> glossitis
H - Hands and feet involvement -> Erythema, oedema
BURN - fever

21
Q

How do you investigate kawasaki disease?

A
  • Increased ESR and CRP

- Echo -> coronary artery involvement

22
Q

Which ANCA is granulomatosis with polyangiitis associated with?

A

C-ANCA/PR3-ANCA

23
Q

What are the clinical features of granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

A

ENT
- Epistaxis, nasal crusting, sinusitis, gingivitis, nasal bridge collapse

Pulmonary
- Haemoptysis, cough, dyspnoea

Renal
- Glomerulonephritis -> haemoaturia

Ocular
- Proptosis

24
Q

Which ANCA is eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis associated with?

A

P-ANCA/MPO-ANCA

25
Q

What are the clinical features of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

A
  • Asthma
  • Eosinophilia
  • Multi-organ involvement
26
Q

What medication causes an exacerbation of asthma symptoms in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonists - Montelukast

27
Q

Which ANCA is microscopic polyangiitis associated with?

A

P-ANCA/MPO-ANCA

28
Q

What are the clinical features of microscopic polyangiitis?

A

Pulmonary

  • Dyspnoea
  • Haemoptysis

Renal

  • Haematuria
  • Glomerulonephritis

HTN

29
Q

What is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in children?

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)/IgA

30
Q

What are the clinical features of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP)/IgA vasculitis?

A

Palpable purpura

  • Non-blanching
  • Lower limbs and buttock

Bowel angina
- Pain after eating

IgA nephropathy

TCD 23 - Glomerulonephritis and PKD (6 decks)

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