Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CT.MS > Vasculitis > Flashcards

Vasculitis Flashcards

1
Q

What situations should make you consider a systemic vasculitis?

A
  1. Palpable purpura (raised purple lesion in lower extremities. No need to biopsy!
  2. Glomerulonephritis (usually small vessel)
  3. Disease of the old in the young (stroke, MI)
  4. Multisystem disease occurring simultaneously
  5. Wasting diseases or fever w/o known origin
  6. Mononeuritis multiplex (infarction of peripheral nerves)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you do if you suspect a vasculitits?

A

Find other organ manifestations (urinalysis, CXR, LFTs, EMG, etc)
Order ANCAs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the different types of ANCAs and what do they detect?

A

cANCA: reacts with serine proteinase 3 (PR3)
pANCA: reacts with myeloperoxidase (MPO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which ANCAs would be positive in Wegener’s?

A

cANCA/PR3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which ANCAs would be positive in microscopic polyangiitis?

A

pANCA/MPO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the gold standard in diagnosing vasculitides?

A

BIOPSY. Also need to know organ involvement in order to start trying to characterize the type of vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between primary, secondary, and pseudovasculitis?

A

Primary: No known antigen
Secondary: known antigen
Pseudo: Vessel occlusion NOT due to vessel wall destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

You see a skin rash, bloody diarrhea, GN, and arthralgias. You see IgA in the vessels. What vasculitis is this?

A

Henoch-Schoenlein purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is another name for Henoch-Shoenlein Purpura?

A

Hypersensitivity vasculitis–>because similar findings in drug rxns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some skin clues that you’re looking at a vasculitis?

A
  1. purpura
  2. stellate ulcers
  3. nodules
  4. Ischemic digits
  5. reticulated purpura
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the large vessel vasculitides?

A

Giant cell

Takyasu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the medium vasculitidies?

A

Kawasaki

Polyarteritis nodosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the small vessel vasculitides?

A

Wegener’s
Churg-Strauss
Microscopic polyangiitis
Henoch-Schoenlen Purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A patient coming from from traveling abroad to southeast asia has gut experiences HTN, ulcers, and anorexia. He also develops a coronary aneurysm. What vasculitis is this?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa. Assoc’d with gut ischemia and renal artery involvement–>HTN
Mononeuritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What other disease MUST you keep in mind when diagnosing polyarteritis nodosa?

A

nearly UNIVERSALLY secondary to Hep B. Check liver function tests, AST and ALT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are causes of secondary vasculitis?

A 
hepatitis
Herpes
SLE
Drugs
Malignancy
cardiac myxoma
cryoglobulins
17
Q

A 35 yo man has eye inflammation, sinusitis, lung lesions, hemoproteinuria, and digital gangrene. What vasculitis is this?

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis or (Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, GPA)

18
Q

What is the classic traid of wegener’s (GPA)?

A
  1. Vasculitis
  2. Granuloma in respiratory tract
  3. Pacui-immune glomerulonephritis
19
Q

What are features of the ANCA positive vasculitides?

A

They are fairly common diseases and all have a pulmonary (nodules)-renal (GN) syndrome

20
Q

What are the features of giant cell arteritis?

A

Age>50
New onset headache
amaurosis fugax

21
Q

Takayasus aortitis

A 
Prevalent in asian women
INFLAMMATION of AORTA
-Fever, malaise, weight loss
-HTN, claudication
-Visual changes
-Dizziness/imbalance
22
Q

What is the disease process in GCA/TA?

A

Mononuclear infiltrate destroys the elastic lamina of arteries

23
Q

How do you diagnose a vasculitis?

A

BIOPSY. If unavailable, consider an angiography

24
Q

65 yo woman with painful necrotic skin lesions on thighs and calves. Weight loss.

A

More likely to be a vasculopathy: NON-inflammatory vessel obstruction like cholesterol emboli or DIC.

25
Q

How do you treat vasculitis?

A
  1. Remove precipitants
  2. STEROIDS
  3. Tx HTN and other sequelae
26
Q

What else looks like a vasculitis?

A
  1. Cholesterol emboli
  2. DIC
  3. Ergot/other drugs
  4. Vasospasm
  5. Amyloid
  6. Calciphylaxis
27
Q

Why do vasculitides affect organs?

A

dysfunction/infarction/embolization of vessels supplying that organ

28
Q

What can cause a secondary vasculitis?

A
  1. Bacterial endocarditis
  2. Drugs
  3. Hep B/C
  4. Connective tissue diseases
  5. TB
  6. malignancy
  7. Parvovirus
  8. Rheumatic dzs
29
Q

Kawasaki disease

A

Febrile
Children under age of 6
Inflammation or oral mucosa, lymphadenopathy and rash
Self limiting, beware of coronary arteritis

30
Q

If cANCA is positive, think

A

Wegener’s

31
Q

If pANCA is positive, think

A

microscopic polyarteritis

32
Q

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis:

A

Cold, precipitating antibodies causing a small vessel vasculitis + GN. assoc’d with hep C

CT.MS (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions