VASCULITIS

Question 1

What is other name of giant cell arteritis

Answer 1

Temporal arteritis

Question 2

Define giant cell arteritis

Answer 2

Giant cell arteritis is a granulomatous large vessel vasculitis of aorta and its branches with predilection for temporal artery

Question 3

GCA affects what arteries

Answer 3

GCA affects cranial branches of aortic arch
Superficial temporal arteries (most common)
Opthalmic arteries

Question 4

Most common arteries affected by GCA

Answer 4

Superficial temporal arteries

Question 5

GCA affects what age group? And in which gender it is predominant

Answer 5

It is a disease of elderly (>50 yrs)
Femal predominance

Question 6

SYMPTOMS OF GCA affecting temporal artery

Answer 6

Ipsilateral headache
Tender artery and scalp
Absent TA pulse

Question 7

Symptoms of GCA affecting opthalmic artery

Answer 7

Optic neuritis
Diplopia
Amaurosis fugax
Blindness

Question 8

Symptom OF GCA affecting facial arteries

Answer 8

Jaw claudication( pain on chewing due to ischemia of masseter muscle

Question 9

Diagnosis of GCA is based on

Answer 9

Clinical features
Elevated ESR
Prompt response to steroid

Question 10

Lab findings of GCA

Answer 10

Elevated ESR - typical lab abnormality
Elevated CRP
Normocytic,normochromic anemia
Temporal artery biopsy

Question 11

Most accurate investigation for GCA

Answer 11

Temporal artery biopsy

Question 12

TREATMENT FOR PMR

Answer 12

Low dose steroids (20-30 mg/day)

Question 13

Treatment for GCA

Answer 13

High dose steroids (60-80 mg/day)
Then taper slowly

Question 14

Define takayasu arteritis

Answer 14

Granulomatous large vessel vasculitis affecting aorta and its branches

Question 15

Takayasu arteritis commonly affects which arteries

Answer 15

Subclavian and innominate arteries (>90%)
Also affects coronary,carotid,renal and pulmonary arteries

Question 16

Age of onset of takayasu arteritis

Answer 16

< 50 yrs (25-30 yrs)

Question 17

Clinical features of takayasu arteritis

Answer 17

LOSS OF PULSE IN UPPER EXTREMITIES
SYSTOLIC BP DIFFERENCE > 10 mm Hg between arms
Bruit over subclavian arteries and aorta
Visual field defects and retinal hemorrhages

Question 18

Diagnosis of takayasu arteritis

Answer 18

Anemia normocytic normochromic
Elevated ESR
ARTERIOGRAPHY (ANGIOGRAPHY)–>MOST ACCURATE TEST -> it shows occlusion,stenosis irregularity & aneurysms

Question 19

Arteriography classifies the takayasu arteritis into how many types?

Answer 19

Into 4 types
Type 1 -> localized to aorta and its branches
Type 2-> localized to descending thoracic & abdominal aorta
Type 3-> combines features of tyle 1 & 2
Type 4 -> involves pulmonary artery

Question 20

Treatment of takayasu arteritis

Answer 20

High dose steroids+ immunosuppressants( azothiaprine+ methotrexate)
Anti TNF -> second line agent
Aspirin
Surgical revascularization

Question 21

Another name of kawasaki diseasw

Answer 21

Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome

Question 22

Most common vasculitis in children

Answer 22

Kawasaki disease in children less than 4 yrs old

Question 23

Definition of kawasaki diseasw

Answer 23

It is necrotising vasculitis involving medium sized vessels most commonly coronary arteries

Question 24

Most common arteries involved in kawasaki disease

Answer 24

Coronary arteries