Vasculitis Flashcards
Mention causes if immune complex mediated vasculitis
SLE
Drug hyoersensitvity
Vasculitis secondary to infection w/ ag-ab complex
Mention ANCA P-assocites types of vasculitis
Wegener grnulomatosis
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Microscopic polyangitis
Mention causes of infectious vasculitis
Direct infection
Hematogenius spread
Embolization of IE
GR, It is critical to distinguish between infectious and immunogenic vasculitis
Because immunesuppressive therapy is appropriate in immunogenic vasculitis but could execerbate infectious vasculitis
Mention effect of vasculitis
Ischemic changes and infarction whether acute or chronic can lead wall thickening, luminal marrowing and thrombosis
Rupture & 2ry hemorrhage
Mycotic aneurysms
Mention the tyoes of large vessel vasculitis
Giant cell arteritis
Takayasu arteritis
Describe microscopic picture & symptoms of giant cell arteritis
Mention affected arteries
Granulomatous infection with chronic inflammatory cells, fibrosis within the inner media & fragmentation of internal elastic lamina. T-cell mediated immune response to arterial wall antigen.
Facial pain or headache ( esp along course of superficial temoral with painful palpation) and occular symptoms
Temporal, vertebral, ophthalamic, aorta
Describe microscopic picture & symptoms of Takayasu arteritis
Mention affected arteries
Granulomatous inflammation of the media with fibrosis
Reduced UL blood pressure and pulse strength
Aortic arch & its branches
Compare age group of giant cell & takayasu arteritis
G, over 50
T, under 50
Mention anti-endothelial antibody disease (2 names)
Kawasaki disease (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)
Mention types of medium-sized vasculitis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Kawasaki diease
Decsribe cause, path features & symptoms of PAN
Immune complex reaction against Hb ag
Segmental transmural necrotizing vasculitis. Early fibrinoid necrosis with PNL then chronic inflammation with fibrosis & aneurysm formation.
Fever of unknown cause, HTN, abdominal pain, bloody stool & rupture leading to hemorrhage.
Affect GIT & Renal art sparing pulmonary.
Decsribe feature and age if kawasaki
Segmental necrotizing vasculitis. Arteritis with skin and mucous membrane manifestations and cervical LN enlargement. May affect coronary art with aneurysm & thromus formation.
Microscopically as PAN but fibrinoid necrosis is less prominent.
Young children & infants
Mention example of immunogenic small vessel vasculitisb
Wegener granulomatosis
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Microscopic polyangitis
Mention features of granulomatosis with polyangitis
Necrotizing granulomas, necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of respiratory tract & necrotizing glomeruloneohritis. C-ANCA assocites
Mention features of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis
Eosinophil-rich extravascular necrotizing granuloma, necrotizing vasculitis of RT, blood eosinophilia, asthma, allergic rhinitis.
P-ANCA associated
Mention features of microscopic polyangitis
Nectrotizing glomerulonephritis and pulmonary capillaritis are common also necrotizing vasculitis
P-ANCA associated
Mention arts commonly affected by Buerger’s disease
Tibial and radial arts
Describe microscopic picture & etiology of thromangitis obliterans
- Acute iand chronic inflammation with thrombosis which can be later organized & recanalized.
- Microabscesses and granulomatous inflammation
- The inflammatory process extends to contiguous veins & nerves and finally all structures become encased within fibrous tissue.
Associated with heavy tobacco smokers
Mention clinical features and effects of Buerger’s disease
The early mainfestations are cold sensitivity in hands and instep foot pain with exercise. Pain at rest indicates neural involvement.
Chronic skin ulcers
Gangrene if the limbs
Compare primary & secondary Raynaud phenomenon
P, exaggerated central and lical vasomotor response of digital arteries & arterioles
S, due to arterial disease as in SLE, sclerderma, Buerger’s disease or atherosclerosis
Define glomangioma
Benign painful tumour arising from glomus body, usually occur under finger nails
Mention common sites of angisarcoma
Skin, soft tissue, breast & liver
Mention gross & microscopic of Kaposi sarcoma
G, cutaneous lesions appear as multiple red-purple patches, plaques or nodules that may disseminate.
M, spindle shoed endothelial cells with slit like vascular soaces and extravasated RBCs
