Vasculature of the Intestines

Question 1

What are the intestinal foregut derivatives?

Answer 1

Pancreas

Superior Duodenum

Question 2

What are the intestinal midgut derivatives?

Answer 2

Descending, Inferior, Ascending Duodenum 
Jejunum 
Ileum 
Cecum 
Appendix 
Ascending colon 
Right colic flexure 
Proximal 2/3rds transverse colon

Question 3

What are the intestinal hindgut derivatives?

Answer 3

Distal 1/3rd transverse colon
Sigmoid colon 
Descending colon 
Proximal rectum - rest is endodermal 
Proximal anal canal - rest is endodermal

Question 4

What branch of the aorta supplies the foregut derivatives?

Answer 4

Coeliac trunk

Question 5

What branch of the aorta supplies the midgut derivates?

Answer 5

SMA

Question 6

What branch of the aorta supplies the hindgut derivatives?

Answer 6

IMA (and common iliac artery to endoderm derived parts of some mixed hindgut and endoderm organs)

Question 7

Whats the blood supply to the pancreas?

Answer 7

Aorta - coeliac trunk - gastroduodenal artery - superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Aorta - SMA - inferior pancreaticodudodenal artery

Question 8

What is the blood supply to the duodenum?

Answer 8

Superior part (before bile duct - foregut derivative):
Aorta - CT - gastroduodenal artery - superior pancreaticoduodenal artery 

Rest of the duodenum (after bile duct - midgut derivative):
Aorta - SMA - inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 9

Blood supply to the Jejunum and Ileum

Answer 9

Aorta - SMA - 15-18 branches of jejunal and ileal arteries which anastamose to form arterial arcades that form the vasa recta

Question 10

Appendix

Answer 10

Aorta - SMA - ileocolic artery (terminal branch) - appendicular artery

Question 11

Cecum

Answer 11

Aorta - SMA - ileocolic artery (terminal branch)

Question 12

Ascending colon

Answer 12

Aorta - SMA - ileocolic artery (terminal branch)

Question 13

Right colic flexure

Answer 13

Aorta - SMA - ileocolic artery (terminal branch)

Aorta - SMA - right colic artery

Question 14

Transverse colon

Answer 14

Proximal 2/3rds (midgut derivative):
Aorta - SMA - right colic artery
Aorta - SMA - middle colic artery

Distal 1/3rd (hindgut derivative):
aorta - IMA - left colic artery

Question 15

Descending colon

Answer 15

Aorta - IMA - left colic artery
Aorta - IMA - sigmoid artery
(same as sigmoid colon )

Question 16

Sigmoid colon

Answer 16

Aorta - IMA - left colic artery
Aorta - IMA - sigmoid artery
(same as descending colon)

Question 17

Rectum

Answer 17

Proximal rectum (hindgut derivative): Aorta - IMA - superior rectal artery - left and right

Distal rectum (endoderm derived): Aorta - common iliac artery - left and right internal iliac artery - left and right middle rectal artery

Aorta - common iliac artery - left and right internal iliac artery - inferior pudendal artery - left and right inferior rectal artery

Question 18

Anal canal

Answer 18

Proximal to pectinate line (hindgut)
Aorta - IMA - superior rectal artery - right superior rectal artery

Distal to pectinate line (endoderm)
Aorta - common iliac artery - right and left internal iliac arteries - inferior pudendal artery - left and right inferior rectal artery

Middle rectal arteries (aorta - common iliac - left and right internal iliac artery - right and left middle rectal arteries) contribute to anal canal blood supply through anastamosing with the the inferior and superior rectal arteries

Question 19

Which arteries contribute to the marginal artery - the arterial channel around the large intestine.

Answer 19

ileocolic artery, right colic artery and middle colic artery anastomose to form anastomostic arcades => marginal artery

Question 20

From which vertebral level does the SMA arise?

Answer 20

L1