Vascular surgery Flashcards
What is the investigation + management of a Varicose vein?
What is the surgical management ?
Varicose Vein
- Investigation – USS
- Management Conservative
o Encourage weight loss, avoid prolonged standing, elevates when possible
o Compression stockings (ensure that there is no arterial compromise)
- Referral to a vascular specialist for the ff:
o symptomatic varicose veins
o pigmentation or eczema, or other skin changes
o hard painful veins (superficial vein thrombosis)
o venous leg ulcer or a healed venous leg ulcer
Medical:
Heparinoid cream/anti-inflammatory
Surgery
Endothelial ablation- RFA
Foam sclerotherapy
Open surgery
What is an aortic dissection?
What are the two types based on the criteria?
What is the most common risk factor?
Presentation?
Diganosis?
Treatment?
Who is more likely to get AAA?
What are yhe symtoms ?
How to monitor?
Best imaging for treatment?
Treatment option?
Definition of carotid artery stenosis
Risk factors?
What is Amaurosis fugax ?
Investigations ?
Management?
- Atherosclerotic narrowing of carotid arteries → increased stroke risk.
- Risk factors: Smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia.
- Symptoms:
o TIA: Reversible symptoms within 24h.
o Amaurosis fugax: Temporary vision loss (“curtain falling over one eye”).
Investigations
* Carotid duplex ultrasound (Gold Standard).
* CT angiogram if intervention is planned.
Management
* If >50% stenosis → Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) within 14 days.
- Medical: Antiplatelets, statins, BP control.
Symptoms of PAD?
What ABPI would suggest severe, moderate and no PAD?
What investigations are appropriate?
What treatment?
Clinical features of ALI
Investigations
Treatment
