VASCULAR MALFORMATION Flashcards
Types of Vascular Malformation
(LVAA)
Lymphatic Malformation
Venous malformations of the orbit
Arteriovenous Malformations
Arteriovenous fistulas
a.k.a lymphangiomas
Lymphatic malformations
- multi-cystic
- localized malformations that involve the lymphatic and vascular systems
Lymphatic malformations
Cause of lymphatic malformations
- lymph vessels form abnormally
- which leads to aberrant development and congenital malformation
usually become apparent in the _____ or _______ decade of life
lymphatic malformations; first, second
common affected locations of lymphatic malformations (CEOSH)
-conjunctiva
- eyelids
- oropharynx
- sinuses
- head and neck region
management of lymphatic malformations (OISS)
- observation
- intralesional sclerosant injection
- systemic medication
- surgery
prevents cell growth and proliferation (sa lymphatic malformations ni related)
systemic medication
TRUE/FALSE: Surgery is the reduction in the size of the cyst or lesion
FALSE (intralesional sclerosant injection)
observation of lymphatic malformation as treatment is only applicable to those
- who do not have vision threatening symptoms
- severe physical disfigurement
a.k.a orbital varices
venous malformations of the orbit
low flow vascular lesions resulting from vascular dysgenesis
venous malformations of the orbit
Px’s with venous malformations of the orbit may exhibit
- enophthalmos at rest, when the lesion is not engorged
- proptosis
treatment for venous malformations of the orbit is usually ________
conservative
surgery for venous malformations of the orbit is reserved for
- relief of significant pain
- possible vision-threatening compressive optic neuropathy
high-flow developmental anomalies
arteriovenous malformations
composed of abnormally formed connecting arteries and veins
arteriovenous malformations
treatment of arteriovenous malformations (SS)
- selective occlusion (blockage) of the feeding vessels
- surgical excision
acquired lesions characterized by abnormal direct communication between an artery and a vein
arteriovenous fistulas
blood flow does not pass through an intervening capillary bed
arteriovenous fistulas
2 forms of acquired arterial diversion that affect the cavernous sinus
direct carotid-cavernous fistulas & indirect,or dural,carotid-cavernous fistulas
TRUE/FALSE: Direct carotid-cavernous fistulas is a connection between meningeal branches of the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus
FALSE
typically occur after a trauma
direct carotid-cavernous fistulas
connection between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus
direct carotid-cavernous fistulas
characteristics of direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (TPIEO)
- tortuous conjunctival blood vessels
- pulsatile proptosis
- ischemic ocular damage
- elevated IOP
- ocular motility abnormalities
complications for direct carotid-cavernous fistulas (CED)
- compression of cranial nerves III, IV & VI
- EOM palsies
- diffuse enlargement of EOM
connection between meningeal branches of the internal or external carotid artery or both and the cavernous sinus
indirect, or dural,carotid-cavernous fistulas
indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas is a degenerative process in older Px’s with (SVA)
- systemic hypertension
- vascular disease
- atherosclerosis
characteristics of an indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas (OMPPCA)
- onset can be gradual
- mild orbital congestion
- proptosis
- pain
- chronic red eye
- asymmetric elevation of IOP
risks of indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas
- glaucomatous optic
- disc damage
treatment for arteriovenous fistulas
coil embolization
this is placing a small platinum coil where the abnormal connection is located; this also separates the blood flow of the carotid arteries from that of the veins
coil embolization
what’s the result of coil embolization
blood can drain properly from the eyes
