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Clinical Externship > Vascular Access and Catheters > Flashcards

Vascular Access and Catheters Flashcards

1
Q

Procedure that provides hemodynamic data from the Ao and LV

A

Left Heart Catheterization (LHC)

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2
Q

Procedure in which a catheter is inserted into a vein and transversed through the right sided chambers of the heart and into pulmonary vasculature to measure pressures and visualize structures

A

Right Heart Catheterization (RHC)

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3
Q

Where is RHC accessed in?

A

Via body’s venous system through the internal jugular, brachial or femoral vein.

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4
Q

A catheter for the delivery of contrast media to a vessel or structure for the purpose of performing an angiogram

A

Diagnostic Catheter (Swan-Ganz Catheter)

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5
Q

A balloon-tipped catheter that passes through the venous system to navigate anatomy of the right side of the heart

A

Swan-Ganz Catheter

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6
Q

Where is LHC accessed through?

A

Aterial system via femoral artery and radial artery

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7
Q

What heart catheterization is in retrograde

A

Left hearted catheterization

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8
Q

Catheters have to be shaped within the aorta to engage with the?

A

Coronary Ostium

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9
Q

A plastic tube, often with a hemostatic valve that protects the vessel puncture sit from multiple device insertions during a percutaneous procedure

A

Sheath

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10
Q

Percutaneous procedure using a needle, wire and sheath

A

Seldinger technique

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11
Q

Indications of invasive cardiovascular laboratory

A

-Acute coronary syndrome
-Sudden cardiovascular arrest
-Coronary artery disease
-Valvular heart disease
-Congenital Heart disease
-Aortic dissection or aneurysm
-Pericardial constriction/tamponade
-Cardiomyopathy
-Follow up assessment on heart transplantations

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12
Q

Contraindications of interventional procedures

A

-Inadequate equipment or catheterization facility
-Patient refusal
-GI bleeding or anemia
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Infection and fever
-Medication toxicity
-Pregnancy
-Stroke within last month
-Renal Failure
-uncontrolled CHF, hypertension and arrhythmias
-Uncooperative patient
-Unknown uncontrolled bleeding

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13
Q

Complications of interventional procedures

A

-Cardiac Arrest
-Cardiogenic Shock
-Stroke
-CHF
-Contrast reaction
-Myocardial infarction
-Respiratory arrest
-Ventricular tachycardia, fibrillation or serious arrhythmia

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14
Q

What are the three team members not including the physician in the cath lab

A

Monitor, circulator and scrub assistant

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15
Q

What is the common practice to premedication in a diagnostic procedure

A

No premedication unless needed. Patients may be pre-medicated an hour before the procedure

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16
Q

What is given to prevent contrast medium related allergic reaction in patients with known allergies

A

-Prednisone 60 mg every 8 hours for 2 days prior to the procedure
-Diphenhydramine 50 mg IV prior to contrast medium administration
-Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV with 50 mg IV diphenhydramine in lab prior to the procedure

17
Q

To alleviate anxiety, a common sedation is?

A

50 micrograms of fentanyl and 0.5 mg of Versed

18
Q

What is used for local anesthesia before the sheath insertion

A

1-2% lidocaine with a 25g needle

19
Q

Local anesthetic should be administered how long before sheath insertion

A

2-3 minutes

20
Q

Where is the femoral vein to the femoral artery

A

Distal to the femoral artery

21
Q

A plastic tube, that protects the vessel puncture site during a percutaneous procedure from multiple device insertions

A

Introducer sheath

22
Q

Test of patency of both arteries supplying the hand. A negative test is a contraindication for transradial access

A

Allen Test

23
Q

What is injected in the radial artery to prevent vasospasm and thrombotic complications

A

Heparin, Verapamil and Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)

24
Q

What is the usually the highest french size that can be safely placed in the radial artery

A

6F

25
Q

What should all diagnostic catheterization have

A

Sterile, undamaged, within expiration and readily accessible

26
Q

What needles do most operators prefer?

A

Single piece, thin wall 18 gauge

27
Q

What cm length is the introducer sheath

A

10 to 11 cm

28
Q

What is the most used coronary angiography catheters?

A

JL4 and JR4 (Judkins)

29
Q

What is the 2nd choice in catheters after Judkins catheters

A

Amplatz left or right (AL and AR)

30
Q

What is the catheter of choice for ventriculography and aortography?

A

Pigtail Catheters

31
Q

What catheter is used in Right heart catheterization

A

Balloon tipped Swan-Ganz Catheter

32
Q

What is in the diagnostic multipacks?

A

JR4, JL4, Pigtail, Sheath, and Guidewire

33
Q

If there is difficulty floating a balloon tipped catheter through the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery, what catheter is a good 2nd choice?

A

Multipurpose or End hole Cournand catheter

Clinical Externship (4 decks)

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