Vascular

Question 1

Causes of 1 ry varicose veins

Answer 1

🌹congenital mesenchymal weakness (EdS , marphan S askar s)
🌹Congenital valvular incompetence
🌹Precipitating factors
Female obese pregnant prolonged standing positive FH, OCP

Question 2

Investigations of vvs

Answer 2

Doppler
Duplex gold standard
Venography or MRI rarely neede
Investigations for complications
Plain X ray , biopsy is suspecting malignancy

Question 3

Complications of varicose veins

Answer 3

Venous complications
Traumatic hge
Edema
Thrombosis

Skin complications
Venous ulcer
Dermatitis, eczema
Lipodermatosclerosis

Others
Malignancy marjolin ulcer
Talipus equinus

Question 4

Surgery of vv
Ligation and stripping

Answer 4

2 cuts are done one at the groin region and the other at the medial side of the thigh then the long saphenous vein are divided and ligated then stripping from the medial side of thigh above knee
Below knee is not preferred to avoid injury of saphenous nerve
Other lines (laser ,radio frequency catheter guided by duplex US)

Question 5

Complications of VVs surgery

Answer 5

Nerve injury
Wound infection reduced by ABs
Pain , bruises , discomfort
Venous thrombosis

Question 6

Causes of venous ulcer

Answer 6

MC Dt postphlebetic limb post DVT
Rare dt AV fistula
Or DT primary vvs

Question 7

Complications of varicose veins

Answer 7

Infection
hge
Malignancy
Osteomyelitis
Periostitis
Talipus equinovarus