Varicose veins Flashcards
List the different types of capillaries, and where can each be found?
- Fenestrated; kidney, exocrine/endocrine glands, ciliary body, GI mucosa
- Continuous; lung, connective tissue, skin, CNS
- Sinusoidal; bone marrow, spleen, liver
What type of arteries are immediately before capillaries?
Terminal arteries
What type of veins are immediately after capillaries?
Post-capillary venules
What type of vessels are succeptible to increased permerbility during infection?
Post-capillary venules
Commonest cause of lymphoedema worldwide
Filariasis
(Filarial worms block the lymph vessels)
When oedema is non-pitting, what can be deduced?
It is chronic oedema;
Fibrous tissue formation is stimulated in chronic oedema
Approximately what are the venous pressures in feet:
1) when lying down
2) when standing quietly
3) when standing & moving
1) ~10 mmHg
2) ~90 mmHg
3) ? Much less due to the effects of the muscle pump
What is currently thought the most likely theory for the cause of venous ulceration?
Chronic inflammation
Causing an increase in shear stress
Define a varicose vein
A tortuous, dilated, superficial vein
List some treatment options for V V
Surgery
RFA
EVLT
Foam sclerotherapy
Compression therapy
What are the surgical options available for VV?
Saphenectomy
Stab phlebectomy
Describe how radiofrequency ablation works
Cathater inserted into a vein, heat used to collapse the vein
How does sclerotherapy work?
Chemical injected into vein and causes collapse
What are the differences between the position, size and shape of venous vs arterial ulcers?
Arterial
- Over bony prominences
- Smaller
- Well-demarcated borders
Venous
- Anywhere; bony prominences or soft tissue
- Larger
- Illrgular, ill-defined borders
Which type of leg ulcer is associated with the most pain?
Arterial ulcer
