Variation, reproduction and new technology

Question 1

Adult cell cloning

Answer 1

Process in which the nucleus of an adult cell of one animal is fused with an empty egg from another animal. the embryo which results is places inside the womb of a third animal to develop.

Question 2

Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

Reproduction that involves only one individual with no fusing of gametes to produce the offspring. The offspring are identical to the parent.

Question 3

Chromosome

Answer 3

Thread-like structure carrying the genetic information found in the nucleus of a cell.

Question 4

Clone

Answer 4

Offspring produced by asexual reproduction that is identical to the parent organism.

Question 5

Gamete

Answer 5

Sex cell that has half the chromosome number of ordinary cells.

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

A short section of DNA carrying genetic information.

Question 7

Genetic engineering/ modification

Answer 7

A technique for changing the genetic information of a cell

Question 8

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 8

Reproduction that involves the joining (fusion) of male and female gametes, producing genetic variety in the offspring.

Question 9

Tissue culture

Answer 9

Using small groups of cells from a plant to make new plants.

Question 10

One advantage and disadvantage of adult cell cloning

Answer 10

A: Could be genetically engineered to produce valuable proteins in their milk, which can be used in medicines.
A: Cloning can save animals from extinction.
D: Concerns about the ethics of cloning.
D: limits variation in a population(limits gene pool). which can cause a problem in natural selection.
D: Concerns about using the technique to clone humans in the future.

Question 11

What is an advantage of taking cuttings from plants?

Answer 11

A: New, genetically identical plants can be grown quickly and cheaply.

Question 12

Which cloning technique is suitable for amateur gardeners to do?
A: Tissue culture
B: Genetic modification
C: Taking cuttings

Answer 12

C

Question 13

What sort of organisms can be genetically engineered?
A: Plants only
B: Animals only
C: Plants and Animals

Answer 13

C

Question 14

Where is one of the body’s cells are chromosomes found?

Answer 14

The Nucleus

Question 15

In humans what are the male and female gametes found?

Answer 15

Sperm and Egg

Question 16

Which statement about sexual reproduction is correct?
A: It needs just one parent.
B: the offspring are always genetically identical
C: the offspring are not identical to the parents

Answer 16

C

Question 17

How was ‘Dolly the sheep’ produced?
A: By genetic modification
B: By cloning
C: By genetic modification followed by cloning

Answer 17

A

Question 18

The nucleus from an udder cell is taken from sheep A. It is put into an egg cell from sheep B that has no nucleus. This cell is then put into a host mother, sheep C. Which statement about the resulting lamb is correct?
A: The lamb is a clone of sheep A
B: The lamb is a clone of sheep B
C: The lamb is a clone of sheep C

Answer 18

A