Variation And Diversity 10 Flashcards
Taxonomy
Science of classification arranged in a hierarchy:
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species
DKPCOFGS
Phylogeny
Evolutionary history
Courtship behaviour helps organisms able to mate to produce fertile offspring by:
Recognise members of own species
Recognise members of opposite sex
Identify a mate who is capable of breeding
Synchronise mating so maximum possibility of sperm and egg meeting
Form a pair bond leading to successful mating and raising of offspring
Inter specific variation
Variation between organisms of different species
Intraspecific variation
Variation between organisms of the same species
Standard deviation
Measure of the spread of data either side of the mean
As standard deviation increases, degree of variation increases
Genetic comparison using amino acid sequence in proteins
Sequence of amino acids in protein is determined by sequence of bases in DNA
Sequence of amino acids will be more similar in closely related species
Genetic comparisons using DNA sequence
Sequence of bases changes due to mutations
Closely related species have more bases sequences in common
Comparison of DNA provides more info than comparing amino acid sequences due to: degeneracy (same amino acid may be coded for different base triplets, and eukaryotic DNA containing introns can be compared
Genetic comparisons using mRNA base sequence
More closely related species, more mRNA base sequences in common
Easier to isolate mRNA from cells than DNA
Biodiversity
Describes variety in living world
Species richness
Measure of number of different species in community
Index of diversity
Number of species and the number of individuals of each species
Effects of human activities of biodiversity
Decrease in variety of plant species
Decrease in number and variety of habitats
Decrease in variety of food sources
Decrease in animal diversity
