Variation and Classification Flashcards
What are the two things that cause difference?
Our genes, the environment
What do we call the differences between members of the same species?
Variation
In general, who are children similar to?
Their parents.
Differences occur because children _______ characteristics from both their _______ and they can be affected by their __________.
Inherit, parents, environment
Both _______ and _____ can be varied with inhertage and environment.
Animals, plants.
Genetic variation comes from _____.
Genes
A gene is the basic unit of ___________.
Inheritance
Genes are responsible for our characteristics such as eye colour, hair colour etc. we inherit our genes from our parents from the _____ and ___.
Sperm, egg
Our genes are found on structures called _____________ inside the nucleus of every cell. They tell us what we should be like. Dalmatians have spots and ducks have webbed feet- chicken don’t because they have ____ in the _________ nucleus of their cells that instruct them to appear like that.
Chromosomes, genes, nucleus
Differences are also caused by the ________.
Environment.
Identical twins can look different from each other due to _____________: their __________ are identical.
Environmental variation, genes
Children inherit variation from their ________.
Parents
What would happen if two parents have a certain characteristic?
Then their child MAY show it even more.
What things can we get from the environment?
Glasses, scars and muscles.
The instructions that make up a plant or animal comes from the _________.
Parents.
1/2 comes from the ______ and 1/2 comes from the ___.
Sperm, egg.
These instructions are found in the __________ of the cells.
Nucleus
the instruction for each characteristic are called _____.
Genes.
Name some inherited variation factors.
Natural hair colour, eye colour, blood group
Name some environmental variation factors.
Scottish accent, scar, muscles.
Name the five types of vertebrate.
Mammals, Fish, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibian
Define species.
Animals with similar features that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
What is an example of a mammal?
Human, squirrel, giraffe, lion, tiger, cheetah, whale, panda etc
What is an example of a bird?
Seagull, pigeon, peacock, penguin
What is an example of a reptile?
Snake, crocodile
What is an example of a fish?
Salmon, cod, shark
What is an example of an amphibian?
Frog, toad
What makes a mammal a mammal?
It has fur/hair, gives birth, doesn’t lay eggs, suckles its young.
What makes a bird, a bird?
Has feathers, lays hard eggs
What makes a reptile, a reptile?
Dry, scaly skin, lays eggs, cold blooded.
What makes an amphibian, an amphibian?
Live in water AND land, moist skin, lays soft eggs
What makes a fish, a fish?
Has wet, loose scales, lives in water, has gills, lays eggs
Into which group would you put a human?
Mammal
Into which group would the snake?
Reptile
Into which group would you classify a frog?
Amphibian
What are the features of Annelids?
Long body, divided into segments, bristles called chaetae
Give an example of an Annelid.
Round worm
To what group of invertebrates does snail belong.
Molluscs.
What are the features of a mollusc?
Soft body with a shell, live in water and on land
What group of invertebrates have star shaped body, tough and spiny skin and live in water?
Echinoderms
What are the features of crustaceans?
Segmented body, hard outer skeleton, two pairs of antennae, joined legs, live in water or damp places.
Give two examples of crustaceans.
Crab, lobster
Give an example of an echinoderm.
Starfish
In what group of invertebrates does the beetle belong?
Insect.
What are the features of an insect?
Body divided into three sections: head, thorax and abdomen, three pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard case-like outer skeleton.
What is an arachnid?
An invertebrate that has a body divided into two, four pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard outer skeleton
Give an example of an arachnid.
Spider.
To which group of invertebrates does a centipede belong?
Myriapods.
What are the main features of myriapods?
Body divided into lots of sections, very many pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard outer skeleton.
Which groups of invertebrates form the arthropod group?
Arachnids, insect, crustaceans
In which group of invertebrates would you classify starfish to?
Echinoderm
In which group of invertebrates would you classify wasp to?
Insect
In which group of invertebrates would you classify moth to?
Insect
In which group of invertebrates would you classify leech to?
Annelid.
In which group of invertebrates would you classify oyster to?
Mollusc
Which group of invertebrates have jointed legs?
Crustaceans, insects, arachnids, myriapods
Which group of invertebrates crawl on a single fleshy pad?
Molluscs
If an invertebrate’s body is divided into five parts, which group does it belong to?
Myriapods
Which invertebrates have round worm like bodies divided into segments?
Annelids
