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Science > Variation and Classification > Flashcards

Variation and Classification Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the two things that cause difference?

A

Our genes, the environment

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1
Q

What do we call the differences between members of the same species?

A

Variation

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2
Q

In general, who are children similar to?

A

Their parents.

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3
Q

Differences occur because children _______ characteristics from both their _______ and they can be affected by their __________.

A

Inherit, parents, environment

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4
Q

Both _______ and _____ can be varied with inhertage and environment.

A

Animals, plants.

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5
Q

Genetic variation comes from _____.

A

Genes

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6
Q

A gene is the basic unit of ___________.

A

Inheritance

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7
Q

Genes are responsible for our characteristics such as eye colour, hair colour etc. we inherit our genes from our parents from the _____ and ___.

A

Sperm, egg

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8
Q

Our genes are found on structures called _____________ inside the nucleus of every cell. They tell us what we should be like. Dalmatians have spots and ducks have webbed feet- chicken don’t because they have ____ in the _________ nucleus of their cells that instruct them to appear like that.

A

Chromosomes, genes, nucleus

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9
Q

Differences are also caused by the ________.

A

Environment.

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10
Q

Identical twins can look different from each other due to _____________: their __________ are identical.

A

Environmental variation, genes

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11
Q

Children inherit variation from their ________.

A

Parents

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12
Q

What would happen if two parents have a certain characteristic?

A

Then their child MAY show it even more.

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13
Q

What things can we get from the environment?

A

Glasses, scars and muscles.

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14
Q

The instructions that make up a plant or animal comes from the _________.

A

Parents.

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15
Q

1/2 comes from the ______ and 1/2 comes from the ___.

A

Sperm, egg.

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16
Q

These instructions are found in the __________ of the cells.

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

the instruction for each characteristic are called _____.

A

Genes.

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18
Q

Name some inherited variation factors.

A

Natural hair colour, eye colour, blood group

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19
Q

Name some environmental variation factors.

A

Scottish accent, scar, muscles.

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20
Q

Name the five types of vertebrate.

A 
Mammals,
Fish,
Birds,
Reptiles,
Amphibian
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21
Q

Define species.

A

Animals with similar features that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

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22
Q

What is an example of a mammal?

A

Human, squirrel, giraffe, lion, tiger, cheetah, whale, panda etc

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23
Q

What is an example of a bird?

A

Seagull, pigeon, peacock, penguin

24
Q

What is an example of a reptile?

A

Snake, crocodile

25
Q

What is an example of a fish?

A

Salmon, cod, shark

26
Q

What is an example of an amphibian?

A

Frog, toad

27
Q

What makes a mammal a mammal?

A

It has fur/hair, gives birth, doesn’t lay eggs, suckles its young.

28
Q

What makes a bird, a bird?

A

Has feathers, lays hard eggs

29
Q

What makes a reptile, a reptile?

A

Dry, scaly skin, lays eggs, cold blooded.

30
Q

What makes an amphibian, an amphibian?

A

Live in water AND land, moist skin, lays soft eggs

31
Q

What makes a fish, a fish?

A

Has wet, loose scales, lives in water, has gills, lays eggs

32
Q

Into which group would you put a human?

A

Mammal

33
Q

Into which group would the snake?

A

Reptile

34
Q

Into which group would you classify a frog?

A

Amphibian

35
Q

What are the features of Annelids?

A

Long body, divided into segments, bristles called chaetae

36
Q

Give an example of an Annelid.

A

Round worm

37
Q

To what group of invertebrates does snail belong.

A

Molluscs.

38
Q

What are the features of a mollusc?

A

Soft body with a shell, live in water and on land

39
Q

What group of invertebrates have star shaped body, tough and spiny skin and live in water?

A

Echinoderms

40
Q

What are the features of crustaceans?

A

Segmented body, hard outer skeleton, two pairs of antennae, joined legs, live in water or damp places.

41
Q

Give two examples of crustaceans.

A

Crab, lobster

42
Q

Give an example of an echinoderm.

A

Starfish

43
Q

In what group of invertebrates does the beetle belong?

A

Insect.

44
Q

What are the features of an insect?

A

Body divided into three sections: head, thorax and abdomen, three pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard case-like outer skeleton.

45
Q

What is an arachnid?

A

An invertebrate that has a body divided into two, four pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard outer skeleton

46
Q

Give an example of an arachnid.

A

Spider.

47
Q

To which group of invertebrates does a centipede belong?

A

Myriapods.

48
Q

What are the main features of myriapods?

A

Body divided into lots of sections, very many pairs of jointed legs, antennae, body covered by a hard outer skeleton.

49
Q

Which groups of invertebrates form the arthropod group?

A

Arachnids, insect, crustaceans

50
Q

In which group of invertebrates would you classify starfish to?

A

Echinoderm

51
Q

In which group of invertebrates would you classify wasp to?

A

Insect

52
Q

In which group of invertebrates would you classify moth to?

A

Insect

53
Q

In which group of invertebrates would you classify leech to?

A

Annelid.

54
Q

In which group of invertebrates would you classify oyster to?

A

Mollusc

55
Q

Which group of invertebrates have jointed legs?

A

Crustaceans, insects, arachnids, myriapods

56
Q

Which group of invertebrates crawl on a single fleshy pad?

A

Molluscs

57
Q

If an invertebrate’s body is divided into five parts, which group does it belong to?

A

Myriapods

58
Q

Which invertebrates have round worm like bodies divided into segments?

A

Annelids

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