Variables and operationalization

Question 1

Name key advantages with the scientific method

Answer 1

The scientific method enables objective observations, results are easily verified by others, and forces us to use system 2 for thinking

Question 2

What are the two kinds of variables used in research?

Answer 2

1. The dependent variable is the variable we are measuring, say the test score of a student..
2. The independent variable is the condition we can change, e.g., the number of hours the slept before testday.

Question 3

Why is Karl Popper’s method of falsification well suited for research?

Answer 3

Karl Popper’s method suggests that for a theory to be considered scientific it must be able to be tested and conceivably proven false.

Humans prefer confirming over falsifying. By employing the method of falsification we control the human tendency of confirmation bias.

Question 4

What is variable operationalization?

Answer 4

A variable may be a complex combination of terms not easily measured. By operationalizing we clearly define the variables in a manner that is clearly understood, easily measured, and verified. Complex variables are often decomposed into several simpler terms. One downside with operationalization is the potential loss of meaningful perceptions. If you tell students to describe their level of satisfaction on a scale from 1-10 you will miss out the underlying reasons behind their level of satisfaction.

Question 5

What are criterias for good research problems?

Answer 5

• Variables should express a relation
• Stated in question form
• Capable of empirical testing

Question 6

What is an independant variable?

Answer 6

An independent variable is the stimulus given to a dependant variable. It is the variable researchers can change.

Question 7

What is a dependant variable?

Answer 7

A variable that receives stimulus and measured for the effect the treatment has had upon it.