Variables and Hypotheses Flashcards
What is the independent variable?
The variable the experimenter manipulates and has a direct effect on the DV.
What is the dependent variable?
The factor/variable being measured.
What is a confounding variable?
A variable the researcher may not be aware of that can affect the DV.
What is an extraneous variable?
Anything in the experiment other than IV or DV such as things in the environment, that can impact the participant’s response.
What is standardisation?
How everything remains the same, and can be replicated by other scientists.
What is an aim?
An intention or general statement describing the purpose of an investigation.
What is a hypothesis?
A statement about the relationship between two variables.
What is a directional hypothesis?
Statement saying which way the experiment will go - whether there will be an increase or decrease
What is a non-directional hypothesis?
A statement that states there will be a relationship but not in which way.
What is a null hypothesis?
A statement that doesn’t predict a change or difference, the IV won’t affect the DV and any difference will be due to chance.
What is operationalisation of variables?
Making them measurable
