Valvulopatii Flashcards

1
Q

Alte etiologii ale stenozei mitrale pe langa boala reumatismala:

A
  • SM congenitala
  • sindron Lutembacher( Sm dob +DSA)
  • calcificarea inelului mitral
  • boala renala avansata
  • tumori carcinoide cu metastaze pulm sau carcinoid primar bronsic
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2
Q

Aria normala a orificiului mitral

A

4-6 cm2

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3
Q

In SM apare in mod caracteristic un puls cu amplitudine

A

redusa

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4
Q

Auscultatia in SM

A
  • zg 1 intens
  • comp pulm a zg 2 intensa
  • clacment de deschidere
  • uruitura mezodiastolica
  • suflu diastonic Graham- Steell in focarul pulmonar
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5
Q

Suflul din SM se asculta mai bine

A

-cu pacientul in decubit lateral stang

in expir

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6
Q

Scorul Wilkins de evaluare ecografica a valvei mitrale cuprinde :

A
  • mobilitatea cuspelor
  • ingrosarea cuspelor
  • gradul de calcificare a cuspelor
  • ingrosarea ap subvavular
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7
Q

Cele 4 metode de corectie a valvei mitrale:

A
  • valvulotomia cu balon prin punctie transseptala
  • valvulotomia pe cord inchis
  • valvulotomia pe cord deschis
  • protezare mitrala
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8
Q

Cele mai frecvente cauze ale regurgitarii mitrale:

A
  • afectarea degenerativa(mixomatoasa)
  • boala cardiaca ischemica
  • afectarea reumatismala
  • endocardita infectioasa
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9
Q

Alte cauze de regurgitare mitrala ( mai putin frecvente):

A
  • cardiomiopatie dilatativa si hipertrofica
  • boli autoimune (LES)
  • boli de colagen ( marfan si ehler- danlos)
  • medicamente: inhibitori centrali ai apetitului alimentar( fenfluramina), si agonisti dopaminergici ( cabergolina)
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10
Q

Auscultatia in regurgitarea mitrala:

A
  • zg 1 diminuat
  • suflu holosistolic de regurgitare
  • clic mezosistolic
  • zg 3 accentuat
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11
Q

Prolapsul de valva mitrala ( boala Barlow ) se caract prin:

A
  • cuspe mitrale cu tesut valvular in exces
  • dilatare de inel mitral
  • cordaje alungite
  • contactie dezordonata a muschilor papilari
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12
Q

Cu ce boli de tesut conjunctiv se asociaza prolapsul de valva mitrala:

A
  • sindrom Marfan
  • sindrom Ehler- Danlos
  • pseudoxantoma elasticum
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