Valvular Heart Disease

Question 1

1/ Complications of VHD?

2/ Medical Management?

Answer 1

1/ asymptomatic irreversible ventricular dysfunction
pulmonary hypertension
Stroke
atrial fibrillation (AF)

2/ does not reduce the rate of progression of any valve disease (ref: heart valve disease in gp)

(Ref: 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease)

Question 2

Presentation?

Answer 2

Exertional shortness of breath, angina, dizziness, or syncope

Asymptomatic, incidental murmur

(reference: 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease)

Question 3

What is the management in severe aortic stenosis in asymptomatic vs symptomatic patients?

Answer 3

Review notes

Question 4

What type of valvular disease is Turner’s Syndrome associated with ?

Answer 4

Turner’s syndrome is associated with both bicuspid aortic valvular disease and coarctation.
(BMJ on examination)