Valvular heart disease Flashcards
1
Q
What is it
A
- Mitral + aortic (L heart disease) more common than tricuspid + pulmonary
- Due to increased pressure on L side
- Either congenital/acquired –> stenosed or incompetent
2
Q
What types are there
A
- Heart valve dysplasia error in development
- Fallots tetraology congenital inc pulmonary valve stenosis
- Ebstein’s anomaly tricuspid valve anomaly
- MITRAL STENOSIS
- AORTIC STENOSIS
- MITRAL REGURG
- AORTIC REGURG
- MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE
- Tricuspid/pulm regurg/ stenosis
3
Q
What does Mitral stenosis sound like
A
- Diastolic murmur
- Opening snap post S2
- Rumbling mid-diastolic murmur
- Decrescendo then crescendo (as atrium pushes blood into ventricles at end of diastole
4
Q
What does aortic stenosis sound like
A
- Systolic murmur
- Opening snap after S1
- Crescendo then decrescendo murmur as blood rushes to leave LV
5
Q
What does mitral regurg sound like
A
- Pan systolic murmur –> happening all throughout systole
- Flat sound
- heard loudest at apex –> radiate to axilla
6
Q
What does aortic regurg sound like
A
- Early diastolic murmur - straight after S2
- Decrescendo
- As blood leaves ventricles leaking back in at same time
- Heard best in expiration w/ pt sitting forward
7
Q
What does mitral valve prolapse sound like
A
- Valve click half way through diastole (pressure builds in ventricles –> causes valve to prolapse)
- Similar to mitral regurg past that point
8
Q
How do you treat valvular defects
A
- replace
- Balloon dilation
- Non if asymptomatic
